玉米机械化籽粒收获组合鉴定与主成分分析

玉米机械化籽粒收获是未来玉米发展的方向。以16份玉米杂交组合为材料,测定产量性状（产量、穗长、穗粗、百粒重）、农艺性状（株高、穗位高）、机收性状（籽粒含水率、籽粒破碎率、杂质率）共9个指标,并进行相关性分析。结果表明,产量与穗长、穗粗、百粒重之间呈极显著正相关,株高与穗位高之间呈极显著正相关,籽粒含水率与籽粒破碎率之间呈显著正相关。对产量及产量相关性状、籽粒含水率、籽粒破碎率、杂质率等指标进行主成分分析,通过对16份杂交组合的玉米机械化籽粒收获适宜性综合评价,结合机械籽粒收获与人工收获的产量差异比较,表明新单65、新单58、新单68和新单88均适宜机械化籽粒收获。

Identification and Principal Component Analysis of Maize Combinations Suitable for Mechanical Grain Harvesting

Mechanical grain harvesting is the future development direction in maize. In this study, 16 maize cross combinations were used as materials, a total of 9 indexes of yield traits (yield, ear length, ear diameter, 100-kernel weight), agronomic traits (plant height and ear height) and mechanical harvesting related traits (grain moisture content, grain broken rate and impurity rate) were measured. The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlations between yield and ear length, ear diameter, 100-kernel weight; between plant height and ear height. In addition, a significant positive correlation between grain moisture content and grain broken rate was also found. Principal component analysis was performed on indexes (yield and yield related traits, grain moisture content, grain broken rate and impurity rate), combining the results of the yield comparison between artificial and mechanical grain harvesting, the research showed that Xindan 65, Xindan 58, Xindan 68, Xindan 88 were more suitable for mechanical grain harvesting.