河北省小麦品质相关基因的KASP标记检测

为了加速小麦品质改良,利用高通量KASP标记检测1970年以来河北省审定的小麦品种153份,这些功能标记包括检测1RS/1BL和1RS/1AL易位系、高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基、籽粒硬度、提高籽粒蛋白含量和促进直链淀粉合成,以及与籽粒品质颜色相关基因的KASP标记,共计22个。结果表明,1RS/1BL和1RS/1AL易位系占比分别是43.14%和9.15%;5个标记检测高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基,Glu-A1位点Glu-Ax1和Ax2*亚基占比分别是39.22%和11.76%,Glu-B1位点Bx7OE亚基占比1.96%,Glu-D1位点1Dx5+1Dy10亚基占比13.07%。3个标记检测小麦籽粒硬度基因,Pina-D1b、Pinb-D1b和Pinb-B2b等位变异,占比分别是5.88%、70.59%和35.95%;没有检测到与提高籽粒蛋白含量和促进直链淀粉合成有关的基因Gpc-B1和Wx-B1的优异等位变异;检测了10个与籽粒品质颜色有关的基因Ppo-A1、Ppo-D1、Psy-A1、Psy-B1、Psy-D1/Sr25、Zds-A1、Lox-B1、TaLyc-B1、TaPds-B1和TaPod-A1,优异等位变异占比分别是69.93%、7.19%、27.45%、9.15%、100.00%、15.03%、75.82%、71.90%、25.49%和25.49%,其中Ppo-D1位点的优异等位变异呈逐年下降的趋势。综上所述,KASP标记可高效检测小麦品质相关基因的优异等位变异,在河北省小麦品质改良中有很好的应用前景。

Detection of Quality-Related Genes in the Wheat Varieties Authorized in Hebei Province by KASP Markers

To accelerate wheat quality improvement, 153 wheat varieties of Hebei Province since 1970s were analyzed using the high-throughput KASP markers. These functional markers included the detection of 1RS/1BL and 1RS/1AL translocation lines, high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits, grain hardness, gene related to grain protein content and amylose synthesis, and grain color. The results showed that the translocation lines of 1RS/1BL and 1RS/1AL accounted for 43.14% and 9.15% respectively. Glu-Ax1 and Ax2* subunits accounted for 39.22% and 11.76% respectively at Glu-A1 locus; Bx7OE subunits accounted for 1.96% at Glu-B1 locus, 1Dx5+1Dy10 subunits accounted for 13.07% at Glu-D1 locus. Three markers were used to detect the hardness genes of wheat grain, and allelic variations Pina-D1b, Pinb-D1b and Pinb-B2b accounted for 5.88%, 70.59%, and 35.95% respectively. No favorable allelic variations were detected in Gpc-B1 and Wx-B1, which were related to increasing grain protein content and amylose synthesis, respectively. Ten genes, Ppo-A1, Ppo-D1, Psy-A1, Psy-B1, Psy-D1/Sr25, Zds-A1, Lox-B1, TaLyc-B1, TaPds-B1 and TaPod-A1 related to grain quality color were also detected and the proportion of favourable alleles were 69.93%, 7.19%, 27.45%, 9.15%, 100.00%, 15.03%, 75.82%, 71.90%, 25.49% and 25.49%, respectively. The favorable allele variation of Ppo-D1 locus showed a decreasing trend year by year. KASP markers can detect favorable allele of wheat quality-related genes effectively, which has a good application prospect in wheat quality improvement in Hebei Province.