小麦有机生产现状与分析——以湖北省南漳县稻茬麦有机产品认证为例

作为有机农业的重要组成部分,小麦有机生产对于改善农业生态环境、增加优质农产品供给和促进农业增效、农民增收具有重要意义。以湖北省南漳县小麦有机生产为例,总结了发展小麦有机生产在改善农业生态环境、标准生产过程和提高种植效益方面取得的主要成效;分析了适度规模经营、中长期规划和集成绿色综合防控技术等措施缓解小麦有机生产中存在的监管难、周年生产衔接难和病虫草害防控难等问题的进展;提出了通过积极拓宽销售渠道、加快新品种新技术转化以及与养殖业的合理布局和深度融合等建议,以助力小麦有机产品认证基地创建。因地制宜地利用有机农业理论和技术改造常规农业,可更广泛地促进我国小麦产业健康持续发展。

Current Situation and Analysis on Organic Production of Wheat——Illustrated by the Case of Nanzhang County in Hubei

As an important part of organic agriculture, the organic farming of wheat plays an important role in improving the agricultural ecological environment, increasing the supply of high-quality agricultural products, and increasing agricultural efficiency and the income of farmers. Taking the organic certification of wheat production in Nanzhang County of Hubei Province as an example, we summarized the main results achieved in the development of organic production of wheat in three aspects: improvement of agricultural ecological environment, standardization of wheat production process and improvement of planting efficiency. Three countermeasures, moderate scale operation, medium and long-term planning, and integrated green control technology alleviation of the difficulties in supervision, annual production connection, and prevention and control of pests and diseases in organic production were analyzed. Policy recommendations of certificating of organic wheat production such as expanding the sales channels, accelerating the transformation of new wheat varieties and new technologies, deepening integration and rational layout with the breeding industry were put forward. Adapting organic farming theories and technologies to adapt conventional agriculture to local conditions can widely promote the healthy and sustainable development of China's wheat industry.