速腐菌剂在东北地区秸秆堆肥中的功能验证及微生物菌群动态研究

为了解决东北地区玉米秸秆过剩的问题，利用实验室制备的可以在低温下降解秸秆的速腐菌剂进行堆肥，并研究堆肥过程中微生物菌群和有效元素的动态变化。40天的堆肥期间，对样品进行分时分点采样，四分法保留样品，记录温度变化和pH变化。利用平板法计数法、化学方法分别检测堆肥过程中微生物菌群及有效元素的动态变化。结果表明，施入混合菌剂的试验组pH值、温度变化能加快秸秆的腐熟；试验组堆肥体中的微生物数量明显较多，试验组和CK2微生物数量比CK1高出1个数量级，而试验组又比CK2高出30%以上，大量的微生物繁殖能明显促进堆肥腐熟；堆肥的初、中、末期的有效元素含量有明显变化，在堆肥过程中积累了大量的有效元素。接种微生物复合菌剂，可以有效促进秸秆的腐殖化速度，更能使有效元素大量积累。

The Study on Functional Verification of the Speed Corruption Completing Agents in Straw Compost and the Microbial Flora Dynamic in the Northeast China

In order to solve the problem of surplus corn stalks in the northeast region, this study used the straw speed rot agents prepared in laboratory for composting, and studied for the dynamic change of microbial flora and effective elements during composting process. This study sampled the samples with the method of timeshare and place share during the 40 d compost, recorded the change of temperature and pH, retained the samples with the method of quartering. Then, this study detected the dynamic change of the microbial flora and effective elements by plate notation and chemical methods. The results showed that： the pH and temperature changes of the experimental group, which was applied with mixed inoculants, could accelerate the straw decomposition and could significantly improve the number of microorganisms. The numbers of microorganisms in experimental group and CK2 group were higher than CK1 for one order magnitude, while the experimental group was higher than CK2 group for 30%. A lot of the propagation of microorganisms could significantly promote composting. Compost valid element content in the early, middle and late had significant changes in theaccumulation of a large number of effective elements in the composting process. The group inoculated microorganisms composite agents could effectively promote the speed of straw humiliation, and enable the effective elements accumulated massively.