大豆科丰14诱变系主要农艺性状和品质性状变异分析

大豆经过辐照诱变，后代性状会发生一定变异，本试验旨在解析辐照后大豆诱变后代的性状变异规律，为辐射育种的深入研究提供理论支撑；通过对大豆科丰14及其20个辐照诱变系主要农艺性状和品质性状进行测定和分析，结果表明，65%的诱变系生育期延迟7d以上，80%以上的诱变系在株高、主茎节数、茎粗、单株荚数、单荚粒数、百粒重和单株产量等性状上有显著变异，35%的诱变系底荚高度有显著变异，分别有20%、30%和15%的诱变系的蛋白质、脂肪和异黄酮含量变异显著。20个诱变系的农艺性状变异较大，品质性状变异较小；90%诱变系单株产量显著提高，生育期、株高、主茎节数、茎粗、单株荚数和百粒重的增加对产量提高有促进作用，而部分诱变系的单荚粒数和百粒重减少又会在一定程度上制约着产量提高；大部分诱变系蛋白质含量呈下降趋势，脂肪含量呈上升趋势，而异黄酮含量的变异与各性状之间无明显关系。

The variation analysis of main agronomic and quality traits of mutation lines derived from soybean Kefeng 14

In order to parse the law of traits variation of soybean＇ s offspring after irradiation, the mainagronomic and quality traits of soybean ＇ Kefeng 14＇ and 20 mutation lines which were irradiated by 60Coγrayderived from ＇Kefeng 14＇ were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that the days of maturity of 13mutation lines delayed more then 7 days. 16 mutation lines had significant variation in plant height, nodenumber of main stem, mai stem diameter, pods number of per plant, seed number of per pod, 100-seed weightand yield of per plant. There were significant variation appeared to bottom pod height and the content ofprotein, fat and isoflavone for 7, 4, 6 and 3 mutation lines, respectively. The yield of per plant, pod number ofper plant and 100-seed weight was significant increased for 18, 18 and 11 mutation lines, respectively. Theseed number of per pod and 100-seed weight was significant decreased for 15 and 7 mutation lines,respectively. The decreasing tendency of protein content and increasing tendency of fat and isoflavone contentwas observed in each mutation lines. The variation of agronomic traits was more than quality traits of allmutation lines.