绿豆雄性不育突变体msm2015-1的遗传学与细胞学分析

单产水平低一直是我国绿豆存在的产业问题。绿豆杂种优势显著是提高产量的有效途径,而雄性不育材料是实现杂种利用的宝贵资源。本研究利用~(60)Co-γ辐射诱变技术首次在绿豆中获得雄性不育突变体,并命名为‘不育绿豆2015-1’(male sterile mungbean2015-1,简写为msm2015-1)。msm2015-1营养生长期表型与‘苏绿1号’没有明显差异。花器官形态正常,但花药发白且不能正常开裂散粉,成熟期座荚率几乎为0。遗传分析显示,育性分离群体中可育与不育分离比符合3∶1,表明不育性状由单个隐性核基因控制。花粉发育的细胞学分析发现, msm2015-1的盛开花朵中花粉粒几乎未在柱头附着,体外亦未萌发。花粉细胞质未被Alexander染液正常着色, I_2-KI染色出现典败、圆败和染败3种类型。DAPI染色显示, msm2015-1花粉细胞核发育异常。醋酸洋红染色表明,败育发生在花粉发育早期,花粉母细胞在四分体时期减数分裂的不对称和异常多分裂是导致花粉败育的主要原因。

Genetic and cytological analysis of male sterile mutant msm2015-1 in mungbean

In China,the low yield per unit has always been a problem in the mungbean industry.The heterosis of mungbean is an effective way to increase yield.The male sterile line is a valuable resource to realize the utilization of hybrid.In this study,60 Co-γradiation mutagenesis technology was used to induce male sterile mutants in mungbean,and we gained one mutant named male sterile mungbean 2015-1(msm2015-1)for the first time.There was no significant phenotype difference between msm2015-1 and Sulyu 1 during the vegetative growth stage.The floral organ of msm2015-1 was normal,but the anthers of msm2015-1 were white and could not crack and disperse powder normally in the flowering stage.In the mature stage,hardly any normal pods grew up.Genetic analysis showed the separation ratio of fertility and sterility in the fertile segregation population was in line with 3:1,indicating that the sterility trait was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene.Cytological analysis of pollen development revealed that there were few pollen grains of msm2015-1 attached to mature stigmas.The pollen grains of msm2015-1 did not germinate in vitro.The cytoplasm of msm2015-1’s pollen could not be stained by Alexander dye.Three abortion types showed up when stained by I2-KI dye:typical abortion,spherical abortion and stained abortion.DAPI staining showed the nuclei of msm2015-1’s pollen developed abnormally.Magenta acetate staining indicated that abortion occurred in the early stage of pollen development,while the asymmetry and more anomalous fission of meiosis during the tetrad stage were the main causes of pollen abortion.