营养元素的缺乏与过量对马铃薯脱毒苗生长的影响

以EM3-1营养液为基础研究了N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、微量元素的缺乏、适量和过量三个水平对马铃薯脱毒苗生长状况的影响。结果表明:N、P、K、Ca、Mg和微量元素的缺乏导致薯苗均不能正常生长并完成其生活史,S在薯苗生长初期可以缺乏,但中期即开始表现症状,过量会对薯苗前期生长造成危害;相对EM3-1营养液,Ca需适量增加,而S和Mg需适量减少;薯苗到生长中期需及时补充或更换营养液,否则会造成营养元素的缺乏;在营养液中,微量元素是不可缺少的。

EFFECT OF DEFICIENCY OR EXCESSIVENESS OF NUTRITION ELEMENTS ON GROWTH OF VIRUS-FREE POTATO PLANTLETS

The effects on plantlets' growth of deficiency, right amount, or excessiveness of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, and microelements were investigated, using basic EM3-1 nutrient solution. When deficiency of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and microelements occurred, plantlets could not grow in normal conditions. In the early days of culture, S could be lacking, but in the middle days the plantlets began to show deficiency symptom. The excessive S was harmful to the plantlets even in the early days of culture. For EM3-1 nutrient solution, Ca was required to increase to some extent, however, S and Mg to decrease. In the middle days of culture, nutrient solution needs to be supplemented or replaced in time, otherwise deficiency symptom would occur. In the nutrient solution, microelements were absolutely necessary.