陆地生态系统扰动与碳循环模拟研究进展

陆地生态系统扰动（火灾、病虫害、氮沉降、极端气候事件等）可以极大影响并改变生态系统的功能与结构，进而对陆地碳循环的时空格局产生重要影响。定量估算自然扰动对陆地生态系统的影响对于深入理解陆地生态系统循环过程具有十分重要的科学意义。文中针对几种主要陆地生态系统自然扰动（火灾、虫害、氮沉降、干旱和洪水等）分析扰动过程与陆地碳收支动态变化的关系，并在此基础上综述近年来相关研究的主要进展，总结生态系统扰动过程的主要研究方法和各自特点，重点介绍运用生态系统过程模型方法研究陆地生态系统对各种扰动过程的响应，分析当前相关研究中存在的主要问题和不确定性，最后对该领域的未来发展方向进行了展望。

Review on Terrestrial Ecosystem Disturbances and Carbon Cycle Modeling

Terrestrial ecosystems disturbances (fires, diseases and pests, nitrogen deposition, extreme climate events, etc.) could profoundly alter ecosystem functions and structures, and therefore affect significantly key processes and factors controlling the terrestrial carbon cycle. Quantitative estimation on the impact of natural disturbances on terrestrial ecosystem is scientifically crucial to improve our understanding of terrestrial carbon processes. In this paper, we analyzed the relationship between the distribution processes and the dynamics of terrestrial carbon cycle in reference with main terrestrial ecosystem distributions (wildfire, pests, nitrogen deposition, flooding, drought, etc.), reviewed the progress of the research in recent years, introduced the research on the response of terrestrial ecosystem to various disturbance processes using ecosystem modeling, and analyzed the main challenges and uncertainties in the related research. Finally, the future research orientation was prospected.