宁夏发展沙产业的社会、经济与生态效益

宁夏是我国荒漠化最严重和社会经济发展相对落后的地区之一。为了实现荒漠化防治与社会经济发展双赢的目标，自20世纪90年代，宁夏政府按照“政府引导、项目带动、企业介入、全社会参与”的思路，大力提倡治沙产业发展，通过推广温室大棚、中草药、压砂西瓜、基地农户一体化以及沙漠旅游等措施，使宁夏成为少数几个实现沙漠化逆转的地区。宁夏治沙产业实践结果表明，生态修复与经济发展的有效结合以及适当的生态补偿政策，可以实现自然环境与社会经济的良性互动，从而摆脱贫困陷阱困扰。宁夏治沙产业发展为我国乃至全球贫困地区的荒漠化防治提供了重要经验。

The social, economic, and ecological benefit of deserticulture in Ningxia

Ningxia is one of the most serious desertification regions in China and remain relatively underdeveloped in terms of economy and social development. In the process of combating land desertification, a new mechanism was established in 1990’s, so called “governmental guiding, projects motivating, market orientation and enterprises and the whole society participating”. The local government promotes the role of the typical model of radiation effects. A policy vigorously favors desert sunlight greenhouses, Chinese herbs planting, and sowing watermelon on pressure sand. Ecological improvement and favorable mechanism made the Ningxia province became the first province where sandified and desertified lands became smaller. The deserticulture in Ningxia showed that the effective combination of ecological restoration and economic development, as well as ecological compensation can achieve positive interaction with natural environment, social economy and escape the poverty trap. Deserticulture brought economic benefit and ecological benefit, promoted the local people's enthusiasm of environment resource protection. The deserticulture in Ningxia provides beneficial experience to other poverty stricken areas and countries.