Investigations on the role of cuticular wax in resistance to powdery mildew in grapevine |
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Authors: | Nuray Özer Temine Şabudak Cengiz Özer Katia Gindro Sylvain Schnee Erhan Solak |
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Affiliation: | 1.Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture,Nam?k Kemal University,Tekirda?,Turkey;2.Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Sciences,Nam?k Kemal University,Tekirda?,Turkey;3.Viticultural Research Institute,Tekirda?,Turkey;4.Mycology and Biotechnology Group,Institute for Plant Production Sciences, Agroscope,Nyon,Switzerland;5.Directorate of Provincial Food, Agriculture and Livestock,Tekirda?,Turkey |
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Abstract: | Cuticular wax on the plant epidermis inhibits or enhances prepenetration events of powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator Schwein). We examined the role of cuticular leaf and berry waxes as a resistance mechanism in four grapevine genotypes (Italia?×?Mercan-174, Gürcü, Isabella, Özer Karas?) resistant to powdery mildew after natural infection and inoculation. To understand cuticular wax properties, we determined the amount of wax and antifungal effects of thin layer chromatography (TLC) fractions from cuticular leaf and berry waxes, then assessed the chemical composition of fractions with different antifungal activities using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Susceptible genotypes Cabernet Sauvignon and Italia were used for comparison. Resistant and sensitive genotypes did not differ significantly in the total amount of wax on leaves and berries; however, 27 fatty acids, 26 alkanes, 6 terpenes, 4 indole derivatives and 4 ketones, and 3 amides, 3 phenols and 3 steroids were detected in fractions with high antifungal activity (≥75% inhibition of germination) in leaf and/or berry cuticular waxes of resistant genotypes only. These compounds may be evaluated as markers for powdery mildew resistance during genotype selection in a grapevine breeding program. |
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