菊花远缘杂交研究进展

菊花是世界上重要的观赏植物之一,但多数菊花品种抗性较差,严重限制了其产量和品质的提高,因此有必要对栽培菊花进行品种改良。目前,通过栽培菊花与菊属及其近缘属间远缘杂交,将它们的优异基因导入栽培菊花是进行菊花抗性改良的重要途径之一,但远缘杂交中经常存在各种障碍,影响了这些优异种质资源的利用。为此,本文对菊属及其近缘属种质资源、栽培菊花与野生菊杂交障碍方式、克服杂交障碍的方法、远缘杂种的鉴定方法进行了较为全面的综述,并在此基础上对今后菊花远缘杂交育种的发展方向进行了展望,以期为改良栽培菊花提供理论指导。

Advances in Research on Distant Hybridization of Chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemum is one of the most important ornamentals in the world, whereas most of chrysanthemum cultivars have a weak resistance to diseases, pests and other environmental stresses, thus their quantities and qualities are seriously restricted. As a result, it is very necessary to improve chrysanthemum’s resistance. By far, distant (interspecific and intergeneric) hybridization has become a promising approach to improve chrysanthemum’s tolerance through introducing tolerant traits from some wild species in Chrysanthemum and related genera into it. However, various barriers often exist in chrysanthemum distant hybridization and severely influence the utilization of these excellent germplasm resources. Therefore, this paper presents a detailed review on the information of many wild species in Chrysanthemum and its closely related genera, the types of incongruity barriers during chrysanthemum distant hybridization, the means of overcoming incongruity barriers, and the methods of hybrid identification as well. In addition, the prospects of chrysanthemum distant hybridization are put forward. Taken together, the general aim of this review is to provide valuable knowledge for the improvement of chrysanthemum cultivars in the near future.