小麦抗白粉病基因Pm13和Pm21特异标记的鉴定和应用

为给小麦生产提供抗谱更广、抗性较持久的育种材料,促进累加基因在小麦抗白粉病育种中的应用.利用与抗白粉病基因Pm13和Pm21相连锁的特异标记,对含有抗白粉病基因Pm13、Pm21的抗病亲本材料和它们杂交的F1代单株,以及在育种中使用的50个小麦品种(系)进行了分子检测.结果表明,与抗白粉病基因Pm13、Pm21连锁的特异标记可以在含有相应基因的材料中分别扩增出1条大小约564 bp和140bp的特异带,而在含有Pm13和Pm21抗白粉病基因的4个F1植株中也检测到这2条特异带;在50个小麦品种(系)中,有10个小麦品种(系)具有Pm21抗白粉病基因,而所有品种(系)均没有扩增出Pm13抗白粉病基因的标记带;结合田间抗白粉病性鉴定,所有具有抗病基因Pm13或Pm21连锁标记的小麦品种(系)都表现高抗小麦白粉病.说明,与抗白粉病基因Pm13和Pm21相连锁的特异标记可以有效应用于小麦抗白粉病育种中,分子标记是检测抗病基因累加体、辅助育种的有效手段.

Identification and Application of the Special Marker of Pm13 and Pm21 Genes with Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Wheat

50 wheat varieties (lines), the parent materials with Pml3 or Pm21 genes and their F_1 plants were molecularly detected by using the special markers linked to Pm13 and Pro21 genes with powdery mildew resistance to provide breeding materials with wide resistance spectrum and lasting resistance for wheat production and to promote application of additive genes in powdery mildew resistance of wheat breeding. The results showed that the special bands with 564 bp or 140 bp were amplified in the materials with corresponding genes and 4 F_1 plants with Pro13 and Pro21 genes by using the special markers linked to Pm13 and Pm21 genes with powdery mildew resistance respectively. 10 varieties (lines) of 50 tested varieties have Pm21 gene and the marker band of Pm13 gene does not amplified in all 50 tested varieties (lines). The varieties (lines) with Pm13 or the special marker linked to Pro21 all show the strong resistance to wheat powdery mildew in fields, which indicates that the special markers linked to Pm13 and Pm21 genes can be effectively used in powdery mildew resistance of wheat breeding and the molecular marker is an effective mean for detecting additive of resistance genes and supplemental breeding.