酒糟有机肥施用对植烟土壤养分和真菌群落结构的影响

为探究酒糟有机肥在烟田的实际应用效果以及对植烟土壤微生物群落的影响，通过设置酒糟有机肥施用量0和1.5 t/hm²的田间试验，利用高通量测序技术探讨了酒糟有机肥施用对土壤真菌多样性以及群落组成与结构的影响。结果表明：施用酒糟有机肥增加了土壤有机质和全碳含量，对真菌Chao1和Shannon指数没有显著影响，但改变了烟草不同生长时期(团棵期、旺长期、成熟期)土壤真菌群落的组成。施用酒糟有机肥增加了团棵期被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota)和罗兹菌门(Rozellomycota)相对丰度，提高了成熟期篮状菌属(Talaromyces)和Rhodosporidiobolus属相对丰度。土壤有效磷是驱动土壤真菌群落组成结构的主导因子。

Effects of Distillers’ Grain Organic Fertilizer on Soil Nutrients and Fungal Community Structure of Tobacco-planting Field

In order to explore the effects of applying distillers’ grain (DG) organic fertilizer on tobacco growth and soil microbial community, a field experiment with the application of DG organic fertilizer at rates of 0 and 1.5 t/hm² was conducted, and the effects of DG organic fertilizer on soil fungal diversity, fungal community composition and structure were investigated. The results showed that DG organic fertilizer increased the contents of soil organic matter and total carbon, and had no significant effects on the Chao1 and Shannon indices but altered the compositions of soil fungal communities at different tobacco growth periods (including rosette, vigorously growing and mature stages). Applying DG organic fertilizer increased the relative abundances of Mortierellomycota and Rozellomycota phyla at the resettling stage as well as the genus of Talaromyces and Rhodosporidiobolus. Soil available phosphorus was the dominant factor driving the changes in soil fungal community composition and structure.