晋西黄土丘陵区植被生态需水研究

以水量平衡关系为理论基础,采用1961-2007年晋西黄土丘陵地区14个气象站的气象资料,在GIS技术支持下估算该地区的植被需水量,分析植被需水量的时空变化以及缺水量。研究结果表明:晋西黄土丘陵地区现有植被适宜需水量为40.759×108m3,最小生态需水量为24.784×108m3,从北到南呈递增趋势;适宜和最小亏缺水量分别为5.581×108m3和0.414×108m3,区域分布是中部最多,南部次之,北部最少;植被生态需水和缺水表现出不同的年变化和月变化趋势和空间分异规律。生态需水量与亏缺水量的计算结果为改善晋西黄土丘陵区生态环境,合理利用水资源和植被资源,提高生态、经济与社会效益提供参考依据。

Ecological water requirement for vegetation in Loess hilly area of western Shanxi

Baced on water balance relations and the meteorological data from 14 climatological stations in loess hilly area of western Shanxi from 1961 to 2007,according to the latest digital land use map and with GIS,water requirement for vegetation in that area was estimated,temporal and spatial changes were analysed as well as water deficit. The results revealed that the suitable vegetation water requirement for loess hilly area of western Shanxi is 40. 759 × 108m3,the minimal water requirement is 24. 784 × 108m3,increasing from the north to the south of the area; the ecological suitable and minimal water deficit is 5. 581 × 108m3 and 0. 414 × 108m3 respectively ,the middle area is the most,the southern area take the second place,the north area is the fewest. There are different temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of vegetation ecological water requirement,and the results of vegetation ecological water requirements in loesses hilly area of west Shanxi should provide scientific foundation of ecological environment improvement,give rational use of native plants and water resources,give priority to conservation resume,and put corridor restoration as supplement.