牧草对塔里木河上游灌区盐渍土的适应和改良效应初探

新疆南疆地区的农业系统一般是靠灌溉来维持的,以沙井子地区为例,长期的灌溉使得土地的次生盐渍化发生较为严重,成为制约区域农业经济发展的一个因素。传统的洗盐压碱的方法虽然有效,但是耗水量大,且容易使土壤积聚大量盐分,一旦停止洗盐会造成大量土地由于盐分较重而无法恢复植被,易形成沙尘源。本研究用生物防治盐碱化方法进行试验,即选用抗(耐)盐的牧草——高冰草(Agropyron elongatum)和碱茅(Puccinellia tenuiflora)在生荒地和盐碱地上种植,通过植物的耐盐、吸收盐碱和改善土壤结构而达到治理盐碱的目的。试验结果显示在研究区种植牧草,不仅可以降低土壤0～60 cm的含盐量,控制地下水位过快上升,还可增加土地的植被覆盖度,得到一定的牧草产量,可以有效地促进灌溉区盐渍化土地的生态治理过程。

Adaptation of forage plants to saliferous soil and improvement of these forage plants for saliferous soil in the irrigation region of upper reaches of the Tarim River

The agricultural production usually relies on the irrigation systems in the southern part of Xinjiang.The long-term irrigation results in the seriously secondary salinization of land in the Shajingzi region,affecting the agricultural economic development.The traditional method of washing alkali and salt is effective,but it consumes a lot of water and easily causes the accumulation of soil salinity.The soil salinity content becomes very high when washing alkali and salt is unavailable,resulting in difficulty...