安徽省土壤钾素供应状况与钾肥效应分析

本文对安徽省1985年以来在淮北地区、江淮之间和沿江江南(包括皖南山区)三大农业区域的主要土壤和作物的140个钾肥试验结果进行了分析,结果表明:全省由北向南土壤速效钾含量逐渐降低,而钾肥肥效逐渐增加。施钾肥有效率以花生、紫云英、烟草和红麻最高,其次是水稻、玉米、麦类和油菜,而棉花和大豆较低。全省土壤有效钾临界值为80mg/kg,淮北地区土壤有效钾低于120mg/kg时施钾有效。随着钾肥用量增加,作物产量出现报酬递减现象,作物施钾的增产潜力以烟草、紫云英、红麻和麦类作物较大,花生、油菜、玉米和棉花等相对较小。

Analysis of Soil Potassium Status and Potash Fertilizer Effect in Anhui Province

A research was conducsed with 140 potash experiments in the main soils with main crops in the North of Huai between the Yangtze River and Huai rive in Anhui province.The results showed that the content of soil available potassium(K) was decreased and the potash fertilizer effect was increased gradually from the North to the South .The effectve percentage of potash fertilizer was highest in peanut,milk vetch,tobacco and gambo flax,meclium in rice,maize,wheat and rape, and lowest in cotton and soybean.The critical value of soil available K in the province was 80mg·kg-1 Application of potash fertilizer was effective when soil available K was less than 120mg·kg-1 in the North of Huai.There was a great potential for incrcesing the yields of tobacco, milk vetch, gambo flax and wheat.