基于GIS和模糊数学的川西地区生态安全评价

目的] 对川西生态安全进行评价研究,以期为该地区生态环境建设、社会经济发展规划提供科学依据。方法] 基于GIS和遥感技术,从自然和人为影响两个方面构建评价指标体系,通过模糊数学模型对川西地区2000,2005,2010,2015年和2018年的生态安全状况进行评价。结果] 川西40%的区域生态安全状况处于较危险状态,呈现出“东高西低”的空间分布格局。川西生态安全2000—2018年总体变化趋势为“上升—小幅度下降—上升”。川西地区生态安全Moran’s I指数在0.5左右,西部白玉、巴塘、理塘一带生态安全状况好转,东部九龙、雅江、木里和若尔盖一带生态安全质量有所下降。地形植被是川西生态安全最主要的影响因子。结论] 川西整体生态安全状况偏差,但呈现出改善趋势,具有较强的空间聚集性,对川西生态安全状况的治理要充分考虑其空间分异特征。

Ecological Security Evaluation of Western Sichuan Province Based on GIS and Fuzzy Mathematics

Objective] The ecological security of Western Sichuan Province was evaluated in order to provide a scientific basis for the ecological environment construction and socio-economic development planning of the region.Methods] Based on GIS and remote sensing technology, an evaluation index system was constructed from two aspects of natural and human impacts, and the ecological security status of Western Sichuan Province in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2018 was evaluated through fuzzy mathematical models, respectively.Results] The ecological security in 40% of the region in Western Sichuan Province was in a dangerous state, showing a spatial distribution pattern of "high in the east and low in the west". The overall change trend of ecological security in Western Sichuan Province from 2000 to 2018 was "rising first, then decreasing slightly, and then rising". The Moran''s I index of ecological security in Western Sichuan Province was around 0.5. The ecological security situation in the Western Baiyu, Batang, and Litang areas had been improved, while the ecological security in Eastern Jiulong, Yajiang, Muli, and Ruoergai areas was declined. Topography and vegetation were the main factors influencing ecological security in Western Sichuan Province.Conclusion] The overall ecological security situation in Western Sichuan is relatively poor, but it shows a trend of improvement, with strong spatial aggregation. The management of the ecological environment of West Sichuan Province should consider its spatial differentiation characteristics.