油茶果采摘装置关键部件的设计与试验

为解决目前我国油茶果采摘效率低,劳动强度大,采摘成本高等问题,设计了一款油茶果采摘装置,并对其关键部件进行了详细设计.通过建立油茶果采摘力学模型和求解,得到影响油茶果的采摘因素.运用ADAMS仿真分析得到激振器最大输出加速度为124.7 m·s-2,激振器产生的最大惯性力为10.03 kN;结合油荼果采柄分离力试验结果,确定了采摘装置参数设计的合理性.正交试验表明:影响油荼果采摘率主次因素依次为激振频率、激振时间和激振幅值;影响花苞损伤率主次因素依次为激振频率、激振幅值和激振时间.采用综合评分法得到了油茶果采摘最佳参数组合,即激振时间为10s、激振频率为15 Hz、激振幅值为150 mm时,此时油茶果的采摘率为85.36％,花苞损伤率为14.35％.

Design and test of key components of Camellia oleifera fruit picking device

In order to solve the problems of low picking efficiency, high labor intensity and high picking cost of Camellia oleifera fruit picking in China, a kind of Camellia oleifera fruit picking device was designed, and its key components were designed in detail. By establishing the mechanical model and solution of Camellia oleifera fruit picking, the factors affecting the picking of Camellia oleifera fruit were obtained. Using ADAMS simulation analysis, the maximum output acceleration of the exciter is 124.7 m·s^-2, and the maximum inertial force generated by the exciter is 10.03 kN. Combined with the results of separation force of the handle of Camellia oleifera, the rationality of the picking device parameters design is determined. The orthogonal test showed that the primary and secondary factors affecting the picking rate of Camellia oleifera were excitation frequency, excitation time and excitation amplitude successively. The primary and secondary factors affecting the bud damage rate were excitation frequency, excitation amplitude and excitation time. The optimal parameter combination of camellia fruit picking was obtained by the comprehensive scoring method, i.e., when the excitation time was 10 s, the excitation frequency was 15 Hz, and the excitation amplitude was 150 mm, the picking rate of camellia fruit was 85.36%, and the bud damage rate was 14.35%.