流域植被配置技术与价值权衡模型算法研究

黄土高原的生态环境建设面临新的社会环境,对流域生态系统植被功能的需求正在从以前的蓄水保土价值为主向经济效益提升为主转变。如何权衡生态用地和经济用地的比例,并进行合理的植被空间优化配置是当前亟待解决的理论和现实问题。为了解决这个问题,基于流域栅格数据表达方式,从经济-生态-环境耦合的复杂系统角度,建立了流域开发的价值权衡模型。结果表明:建立的价值权衡模型能够基于栅格开发利润与土壤流失价值的权衡计算出流域最大的开发效益,并确定流域面积开发最优阈值,还能实现流域植被的空间优化配置。该决策模型的应用能够为流域开发提供参照系,有助于评估过去流域开发的合理性以及指导未来流域开发中植被的空间优化配置。

Research on the Algorithms of Vegetation Allocation Technology and Value-trade off Model in a Watershed

At present, the ecological environment construction of the Loess Plateau is facing a new social environment. Vegetation managed with ecological values such as soil and water conservation began to change towards economic-utilization value. How to balance the proportion of land used for soil conservation value and land used for economic-utilization value, and how to optimize the allocation of vegetation space is an urgent theoretical and practical problem needed to be resolved. To solve this problem, this study established a value-trade-off model of watershed development from the perspective of economy-ecology-environment coupling complex system based on grid data expression of watershed. The results showed that the established value-trade-off model could calculate the maximum development benefit of the watershed based on the trade-off between grid development profit and soil loss value, and determine the optimal area threshold of watershed area development, and optimize spatial allocation of watershed vegetation. The decision-making system could provide a reference for watershed development, and help to evaluate the rationality of past watershed development and guide the spatial optimal allocation of vegetation in future watershed development.