上海市植物群落降温增湿效果的研究

植物群落对周围环境具有降温增湿的作用。该文在对上海市植物群落进行广泛调查的基础上，选取了14个典型群落进行降温增湿效果的测定。结果表明，不同群落的降温增湿效果有很大差异:柳杉群落、香榧群落、东方杉群落和广玉兰群落的降温增湿效果较好，桂花灌丛和雪松群落的降温增湿效果较差，而高羊茅草坪的降温增湿效果最差。对测试结果进行分析可知，结构复杂、郁闭度高、叶面积指数大、植株高的群落比结构简单、郁闭度低、叶面积指数小、植株矮的群落降温增湿作用明显。 

Effects of temperature reduction and humidity increase of plant communities in Shanghai

Plant communities can reduce the environment temperature and increase the humidity. Fourteen typical plant communities in Shanghai were selected for the measurement of temperature decreasing and humidity increasing effects based on wide investigation. It showed that different plant communities had various temperature-decreasing and humidity-increasing functions. The plant communities consisting of Cryptomeria fortunei，Torreya grandis ‘Merrilli’，Taxodium mucronatum × Cryptomeria fortunei，and Magnolia grandiflora had stronger capacity，the plant communities consisting of Osmanthus fragrans and Cedrus deodara were a little worse，and Festuca arundinacea community had the worst effects on temperature reduction and humidity increase in these selected plant communities. Analysis shows that the plant communities with complex structures，high coverage，large leaf area index，and large plant height have more capacities on temperature-decreasing and humidity increasing effects than those with simple structures，low coverage，small leaf area index，and small plant height.