与昆虫抗药性相关的乙酰胆碱酯酶基因突变研究进展

有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂的广泛使用导致许多害虫产生了明显的抗药性。害虫对这些杀虫剂产生抗性的一个重要原因是其乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE)基因发生突变,从而导致AChE敏感度下降。简要概述了AChE基因发生突变的昆虫种类,介绍了AChE基因突变对其结构与功能的影响、变构AChE的特性、AChE基因突变对适合度的影响以及AChE突变不同组合对抗性的影响。这些突变可为设计新颖的反抗性化合物开辟新的途径。

Advances in Studies of Acetylcholinesterase Gene Mutations Associated with Insecticide Resistance in Insect Pests

Intensive use of organophosphate and carbamate insecticides has led to the development (of resistance) in many target species that are important in agriculture. (Acetylcholinesterase(AChE))(insensitive) to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides has been identified as a major resistance mechanism in numerous insect species. Acetylcholinesterase gene mutations conferring insecticide (resistance) in insect pests are summarized briefly. Furthermore, the effects of acetylcholinesterase gene mutations on (acetylcholinesterase) protein structures and functions, the characterization of (modified) (acetylcholinesterase) protein, the effects of acetylcholinesterase gene mutations on fitness, and the effects of the combination of various mutations on insecticide resistance were discussed. These gene mutations responsible for conferring insensitivity may open up the way for designing new (anti-)resistant compounds.