南疆果仁兼用杏种仁矿物质元素鉴评

以南疆29种果仁兼用型杏仁为试材,采用原子吸收光谱法,研究了杏仁中矿物质组成及含量的差异,以期为果仁兼用型杏瓷漆的开发和利用提供参考依据。结果表明:南疆29种果仁兼用型杏仁的矿物质元素中,K含量最高,范围为5639.03~23614.40 mg·kg^-1,Na含量最低,范围为105.74~533.97 mg·kg^-1;含量依次为K>Mg>Ca>Na>Zn>Fe>Cu>Mn;主成分分析表明南疆果仁兼用型杏仁的特征性元素为Zn、Cu、Mn、K。在29种果仁兼用型杏种仁中,以‘卡巴克玉吕克’的K含量最高;‘库尔勒托拥’的Na含量最高;‘古木杏’的Ca含量最高;‘甜仁杏’的Mg含量最高;‘阿克托拥’的Fe含量最高;‘大优佳’的Mn含量最高;‘胡安娜’的Zn、Cu含量最高,品质好。通过系统聚类分析,基于Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn元素含量,可将29个品种分为两大类。

Identification of Mineral Elements of Apricot Seed Kernels Used in Combination With Fruit Kernels in Southern Xinjiang

The differences in the mineral composition and content of almonds were investigated by atomic absorption spectrometry using 29 kinds of almonds of South Xinjiang with kernel-combination type as test materials,in order to provide reference for development and utilization of almonds.The results showed that the mineral contents of 29 kinds of almonds of South Xinjiang were the highest in K,ranging from 5639.03 to 23614.40 mg·kg^-1,and the lowest in Na,ranging from 105.74 mg·kg^-1 to 533.97 mg·kg^-1;the contents were K>Mg>Ca>Na>Zn>Fe>Cu>Mn in order.The principal component analysis showed that the characteristic elements of almonds of South Xinjiang were Zn,Cu,Mn and K.Among the 29 almond seed kernels of nut-use type,the highest K content was found in’Kabakeyulyuke’,the highest Na content was found in’Ku′erletuoyong’;the highest Ca content was found in’Gumuxing’;the highest Mg content was found in’Tianrenxing’;the highest Fe content was found in’Aketuoyong’;the highest Mn content was found in’Dayoujia’;the highest Zn and Cu content and good quality was found in’Hu′anna’.Through systematic cluster analysis,the 29 varieties could be divided into 2 major categories based on the elemental contents of Zn,Fe,Cu and Mn.