不结球白菜主要营养品质性状的配合力分析

以5个不结球白菜自交系及其按照Griffing完全双列杂交法配制的20个杂交组合为试材,进行了6个营养品质性状的配合力分析,以期为利用杂种优势进行不结球白菜品质育种提供参考依据。结果表明:6个营养品质性状区组间方差差异不显著,基因型间方差均达到极显著水平。营养品质性状的一般配合力、特殊配合力和反交效应均存在极显著差异,表明这些性状均受到加性效应、非加性效应和反交效应的影响。不同自交系在不同性状上的配合力表现不同,自交系P4在干物质、维生素C含量、蛋白质含量和可溶性糖含量4个性状上一般配合力较高,是进行营养品质性状杂交改良较好的亲本材料。同一性状在不同组合之间的特殊配合力相对效应值有较大差异,同一组合不同性状的特殊配合力相对效应值也有明显不同,组合P5×P3在干物质、维生素C、总酸和粗纤维4个性状上的特殊配合力效应表现优秀。综上所述,配制杂交组合时应注意母本选择;杂交组合的特殊配合力与自交系的一般配合力之间没有明显的相关关系,在利用杂种优势进行不结球白菜品质育种时必须广泛测交以选择特殊配合力高的优质组合。

Combining Ability Analysis of Main Nutritional Quality Traits in Non-heading Chinese Cabbage

Five non-heading Chinese cabbage inbred lines were used as parents, and twenty cross combinations were made according to Griffing complete diallel cross design, then the combining ability of main nutritional quality traits in five inbred lines and twenty combinations was analyzed, in order to provide reference for high quality breeding by utilization of heterosis.The results showed that there was no significant difference among the block of six nutritional quality traits, while the variance among genotypes was extremely significant.The general combining ability(GCA),special combining ability(SCA) and reciprocal effect of six nutritional quality traits were different significantly.It indicated that these traits were affected by additive effect, non-additive effect and reciprocal effect.The combining ability of inbred lines tested was varied in different traits, the GCA relative value of inbred line P4 was higher than those of other lines in four traits including dry matter, vitamin C,protein and soluble sugar.Inbred line P4 was well for high nutritional quality breeding.The SCA relative values of the same trait between different combinations were significantly different, while the SCA relative values of different traits in the same combination were also significantly different.Combination P5×P3 had higher SCA relative values in four nutritional quality traits including dry matter, vitamin C,total acid and crude fiber.In summary, the selection of female parent must be valued in producing cross combination.There was no significant correlation between specific combining ability of combination and general combining ability of inbred line.Therefore, to obtain combination with high nutritional quality and high specific combining ability, making as many test crosses as possible was necessary.