柬埔寨南亚松松香和松节油的化学组成特征

采用气相色谱和质谱法对柬埔寨南部地区的南亚松松香和松节油的化学组成特征进行研究.采用水蒸气蒸馏法将南亚松松脂分成松节油和松香两个馏分后,分别对松香和松节油中所含成分进行定性和定量测定,松脂中的含油量为20.67%.在松香馏分中共检出9个化合物,其中海松酸型树脂酸占49.59%,枞酸型树脂酸占37.18%,二元酸占12.40%.主要的树脂酸为异海松酸、8(9)-异海松酸、枞酸和南亚松酸,分别占松香馏分的20.90%、21.14%、23.45%和12.40%.松节油馏分中检出16种化合物,其中单萜类化合物13种,倍半萜类化合物2种,二萜类化合物1种.单萜类化合物占松节油量的99.49%,其中间(廾孟)-4,8-二烯、小茴香烯和别罗勒烯,分别占松节油量的24.01%、29.21%和23.71%.研究发现该松香中枞酸型树脂酸量小于海松酸型树脂酸,同时在松香中还检出了2-甲基-5-异丙基-双环[3.1.0]-己-2-烯、间(廾孟)-4,8-二烯、α-水芹烯、小茴香烯、4-蒈烯、别罗勒烯、9,10-二氢环异长叶烯等7种化合物,而未发现α-蒎烯的存在.

Chemical Composition Characteristics of Pinus latteri Mason Rosin and Turpentine from the South of Cambodia

The chemical composition characteristics of Pinus latteri Mason rosin and turpentine from the South of Cambodia was studied using GC and GC-MS.The Pinus latteri Mason oleoresin was first separated into two fractions of rosin and turpentine oil,and they were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively.Nine components were identified from the rosin fraction including 8(14),15-pimaradiene,sandaracopimaric acid,isopimaric acid,8(9)-isopimaric acid,dehydroabietic acid,8,12-abietadienoic acid,abietic acid,neoabietic acid and mercusic acid.The proportions of pimarane-type,abietane-type,and dibasic resin acids were 49.59 %,37.18 % and 12.4 %,respectively.The main resin acids were isopimaric acid,8(9)-isopimaric acid,abietic acid and mercusic acid,and their contents based on rosin weight were 20.9 %,21.14 %,23.45 % and 12.40 %,respectively.Sixteen components in turpentine oil were determined including 13 monoterpenes,2 sesquiterpenes,and one diterpene.Monoterpene was the main component and accounted for 99.49 % of turpentine oil.The main monoterpenes were m-mentha-4,8-diene,fenchene and alloocimene,and their contents in turpentine oil were 24.01 %,29.21 % and 23.71 %,respectively.