发达国家兽医协会的构成与职能

兽医协会早已有之，界定各国兽医协会历史比较困难。兽医协会一般均从兽医学会分立或隶属于兽医学会。兽医协会以会员利益为主体，服务于兽医行业，保护动物福利和健康。协会多由委员会及下属理事会构成。理事会是协会运作的主体，分设各职能分会、部门或机构。协会会员多需要经过正式的学术教育，且通过国家或地方兽医资格考试，有些国家还要求会员是注册兽医。兽医资格考试分为理论考试和临床技能考试。多数国家只需要通过理论考试，有些国家还需要通过临床技能考试。欧美国家还设有专科考试。

Development and operation mechanism of the veterinary associations in some developed countries

The history of veterinary association is difficult to define. Generally,it is considered to be separated from or attached to veterinary medical society. The veterinary association takes the veterinarians’interests as its main goal to serve animal health and welfare. The association is mostly composed of committee and its subordinate executive council（board of directors）. The council is the main operational body and subdivided to various branches,divisions or agencies. The members are required to have received formal education in veterinary medicine and pass the national veterinarian examination,and some associations require members to be licenced. The veterinarian qualification examination is composed of general test and clinical competency test. Most associations only require the members to pass general examinations,but some associations require the members to pass the two examinations. Some countries setup the special veterinary course examination.