我国禽流感等禽病防控六大新策略

近年来我国禽流感等禽病不仅导致巨额经济损失，而且对公共卫生构成严重威胁，受到全社会和全球广泛关注。本文首先分析我国养禽业基本现状和发展趋势、我国禽病防控困难所在，以及现有防控策略的不足，提出和分析六个禽病防控新策略：设立家禽防疫隔离带，即设立家禽限制养殖和加强检疫区，延缓疫情自然传播；加快小型养禽场退出速度，小型养禽场经济效益低，而疫情传播风险高，已是历史淘汰对象；禁止在开放的水体中饲养家禽，这类家禽易成为疫情超级传播者；推广电子活禽市场，它们不仅与其他网店相似，成本低而效益高，而且对公众的健康威胁小，禽病传播风险小；对无防疫合格证的养禽和屠宰加工场所进行适当的行政处罚，这是落实上述措施的合法途径；在境外为中国养禽，这与农业走出去和全球经济一体化发展趋势一致，能降低国内家禽饲养密度和禽病风险。

Exploration of six novel strategies for control of avian inlfuenza and other poultry diseases in China

Avian influenza and other avian diseases have caused huge economic loss and posed serious public health threat,and have aroused great global concerns. In this paper,the current status and future development trend of poul-try industry,the difficulties in control of avian diseases,and the shortages of the present strategies for control of avian diseases in China were discussed. And then six novel strategies were proposed and analyzed for control of avian diseases in China：establishing isolation zones where bird raising is restricted and quarantine measures are strengthened so as to retard the natural spread of avian diseases;promotion of the exit of small-scale poultry farms which are generally of low profit in economy and high risk in spreading diseases;prohibiting bird raising on open water bodies to minimize poten-tial super spreaders of avian diseases;promotion of the development of electronic live bird markets which can simulta-neously and economically satisfy the demands of citizens for fresh bird meat and hygiene;implementation of appropriate administrative punishment to poultry farms and poultry slaughter/processing sites without quarantine certificate,which is the legal way to implement the above four strategies;and raising birds abroad for China to minimize the poultry den-sity in China.