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Results of molecular analysis of an archaeological hemp ( |
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| Authors: | Ashutosh Mukherjee Satyesh Chandra Roy S. De Bera Hong-En Jiang Xiao Li Cheng-Sen Li Subir Bera |
| Affiliation: | (1) Department of Botany, Dinabandhu Mahavidyalaya, Bongaon, North 24 Parganas, 743235, West Bengal, India;(2) Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India;(3) Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China;(4) Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China;(5) Bureau of Cultural Relics of Turpan Prefecture, 838000 Xinjiang, Turpan, China;(6) Beijing Museum of Natural History, Beijing, 100050, China; |
| Abstract: | Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivation and utilization is an ancient practice to human civilization. There are some controversies on the origin and subsequent spread of this species. Ancient plant DNA has proven to be a powerful tool to solve phylogenetic problems. In this study, ancient DNA was extracted from an archaeological specimen of Cannabis sativa associated with archaeological human remains from China. Ribosomal and Cannabis specific chloroplast DNA regions were PCR amplified. Sequencing of a species-specific region and subsequent comparison with published sequences were performed. Successful amplification, sequencing and sequence comparison with published data suggested the presence of hemp specific DNA in the archeological specimen. The role of Humulus japonicus Sieb. et Zucc. in the evolution of Cannabis is also indicated. The identification of ancient DNA of 2500 years old C. sativa sample showed that C. sativa races might have been introduced into China from the European–Siberian center of diversity. |
| Keywords: | Archaeological DNA Hemp phylogeny Humulus japonicus Species identification Yanghai Tombs |
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