红壳色中华绒螯蟹仔蟹养殖方式研究

为探讨养殖方式对红壳色不同家系中华绒螯蟹Eriocheir sinensis仔蟹生长的影响,采用室内群体养殖、室内单体养殖和室外稻田养殖3种方式,比较了红壳色(A)、红壳家系中正常壳色(B)、"光合1号"(C),以及拟建立的早熟(D)、近亲早熟(E)育种家系仔蟹的生长特征。结果表明:室内群体养殖方式下,红壳色A组仔蟹的存活率为35.8%,仅与D组有显著性差异(P0.05);A组仔蟹头胸甲宽的变异系数(CV)为27%,个体大小差异较小,与其余组间有显著性差异(P0.05);A组仔蟹体质量特定生长率(SGR)为7.0%/d,各组间无显著性差异(P0.05)。室内单体养殖方式下,红壳色A组仔蟹的存活率为86.7%,显著高于B、E组(P0.05);A组仔蟹头胸甲宽的CV为52%,个体大小差异较大,与C、D组有极显著性差异(P0.01);A组仔蟹体质量SGR为5.7%/d,A组与B、C、E组仔蟹生长差异明显(P0.05)。室外稻田围隔养殖方式下,红壳色A组仔蟹的存活率为3.2%,极显著低于B、C、D组(P0.01);A组仔蟹头胸甲宽的CV为12%,极显著低于E、D组(P0.01);A组仔蟹体质量SGR最低,为8.1%/d,各组间无显著性差异(P0.05)。研究表明,室内单体养殖红壳色仔蟹能显著提高其成活率,有助于获得更多育种家系相关性状的信息。

Culture pattern of juvenile Chinese mitten handed crab Eriocheir sinensis with red color shell

Juvenile Chinese mitten handed crab Eriocheir sinensis with red color shell (A), juvenile Chinese mitten handed crab with normal color shell (B) from red crab family, juvenile Chinese mitten handed crab Guanghe No. 1(C), precocious juvenile Chinese mitten handed crab( D) and inbreeding precocious juvenile Chinese mitten handed crab(E) were reared in three culture models including indoor intensive model, individual culture model, and rice field model to compare their growth performance. The results showed that the juvenile crab in group A had survival rate of 35. 8% , significant difference from just group D (P<0. 05), and with coefficient of variation (CV) of 27% in carapace width (CW),significant different from other breeding families in the indoor intensive model ( P<0. 05). There was SGR of 7. 0% / d in the juveniles in group A, without significant difference among all breed-ing families(P>0. 05). In the individual culture model, however, the juveniles in group A had survival rate of 86. 7% , significant different from the juveniles in group B and group E(P<0. 05), with the CV of 52% in CW in group A, very significantly differentfrom groups C and D(P<0. 01). There was SGR of 5. 7% / d in group A, sig-nificant difference among roups A, B, C and E(P<0. 05). The minimal survival rate (3. 2% ) was observed in the juvenile crab in group A, very significantly different from groups B, C, and D(P<0. 01). The juveniles in group A had CV of 12% (the minimum)in CW in group A, significant difference between group A, and groups D and E (P<0. 05). There was SGR of 8. 05% / d in group A, without significant difference among all families(P>0. 05). It is concluded that the significantly higher survival rate was in the juveniles in group A in the individual culture model, which more information about the breeding family could be obtained.