独角雪冰鱼和伯氏肩孔南极鱼骨骼中的元素分析

为探究缺失血红蛋白的南极独角雪冰鱼Chionodraco hamatus(CH)和具有血红蛋白的伯氏肩孔南极鱼Trematomus bernacchii(TB)骨骼中元素含量的差异,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法对两种南极鱼的脊椎骨与头盖骨中Na、Mg、Al、K、Ca、56Fe、Zn等常量元素,以及V、Cr、Mn、As、Se、206Pb等微量元素含量进行了测定与分析。结果表明:两种南极鱼脊椎骨中Al、K、56Fe、Mn、Se含量有显著性差异(P0.05),头盖骨中Mg、K、Ca、56Fe、V、Mn等元素含量有显著性差异(P0.05),推测此差异可能与南极冰鱼缺失功能性血红细胞有关;将两种南极鱼脊椎骨骨骼中的元素含量与7种非南极海水鱼和3种淡水鱼相比,发现两种南极鱼骨骼中K、Na、Mg、56Fe、Zn、Ca等常量元素含量较少,且Mn、V、Cr、206Pb等微量元素含量明显低于非南极鱼,这可能与南极海域存在较低污染相关。本研究中首次测定了两种南极鱼骨骼中的元素含量,为后续拟通过体内组织元素分析探索南极鱼类的生理差异提供了科学依据。

Analysis of elements in skeleton of Antarctic icefishes Chionodraco hamatus and Trematomus bernacchii

The contents of macroelements ( Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, 56 Fe and Zn) and microelements ( V, Cr, Mn, As, Se and 206Pb) were detected in Antarctic icefishes Chionodraco hamatus ( CH) and Trematomus bernacchii ( TB) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ( ICP-MS) method in order to compare the element con-centrations of hemoglobinless between Antarctic icefish CH and TB. Results showed that there were significant differences in concentrations of Al, K, 56Fe, Se and Mn in the vertebrae and significant differences in concentra-tions of Mg, K, Ca, 56Fe, V and Mn in the skull between CH and TB(P<0. 05), which might be attributed to the functional red blood cells shortage in the Antarctic icefish. The comparison of element concentrations in vertebrae between the two Antarctic icefishes and seven non-Antarctic marine fishes and three freshwater fishes revealed that there were much lower levels of macroelements K, Na, Mg, 56Fe, Zn, and Ca in skeletons of the two Antarctic icefishes, significantly lower levels of microelements Mn, V, Cr and 206Pb in the two Antarctic fishes than those in the non-Antarctic fishes, which is involved in much lower contamination in the Antarctic marine environment. The first insight into element concentration of the two Antarctic fishes will provide some scientific basis for the physiolog-ical difference comparison in Antarctic icefishes through tissue element analysis.