益生菌对生物絮团养殖系统中刺参幼参生长、消化酶和免疫反应的影响

为了解益生菌对生物絮团养殖系统中刺参Apostichopus japonicus幼参生长、消化酶和免疫反应的影响,选择体质量为(10.77±0.07)g的健康幼参,随机分配到6个盛有20 L沙滤海水的聚乙烯养殖箱中,每箱放30头幼参,试验设对照组和益生菌组(枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis+硝化菌),每组设3个平行,对照组每天投喂1次基础饵料(约为幼参体质量的4%)并添加蔗糖(基础饵料的70%),益生菌组在对照组基础上,每3 d向水体中添加枯草芽孢杆菌和硝化菌制剂各1.8 g,养殖试验共进行60 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,养殖30、60 d时,益生菌组幼参的特定生长率均显著提高(P0.05);益生菌组幼参肠道淀粉酶和脂肪酶活力均显著增强(P0.05),但胰蛋白酶活力与对照组无显著性差异(P0.05);益生菌组幼参的体腔细胞吞噬活力、体腔液和体腔细胞裂解液溶菌酶活力均显著增强(P0.05)。研究表明,生物絮团养殖系统中添加益生菌可促进幼参生长,提高消化酶活力和增强免疫反应。

Effects of probiotics on growth,digestive enzyme activity,and immune response of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in a biofloc culture system

Sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus with body weight of (10. 77 g±0. 07 g) were randomly divided into six 20 L sand filtered sea water tanks at a density of 30 individuals per tank, and fed the basal diet (70% basal di-et) containing sucrose ( control) . In the probiotics treatment,however, the sea cucumber was fed the same diet as in the control in the water which was added into a mixture of Bacillus subtilis (1. 8 g) plus nitrifiers (1. 8 g)in a 3 day interval at feeding rate of about 4% for 60 days to evaluate the effects of commercial probiotics on growth, di-gestion, and immune response of juvenile sea cucumber in biofloc culture system. Results showed that there was significantly higher specific growth rate in the sea cucumber fed the diet containing probiotics than that in the con-trol during 30 d and 60 d rearing ( P<0 . 05 ) . The sea cucumber in the probiotics had significantly higher intestinal amylase and lipase activities than those in control did (P<0. 05),without significant differences in trypsin activity between probiotics treatment and the control(P>0. 05). The phagocytic activity of coelomocytes and the lysozyme activity in coelomic fluid and in coelomocyte lysate supernatant were shown to be significantly enhanced in probiot-ics treatment compared with the control(P<0. 05). The findings revealed that probiotics supplementation improved the growth, digestion and immune response of juvenile sea cucumber in a biofloc culture system.