“南水北调”西线工程与中国西北开发和生态环境的改善

我国是个水资源既丰富又贫乏的国家 ,总量有 2 .8万亿 m3,但人均仅 2 2 60 m3,处于缺水的上、下限之间。北中国人均只有 1 1 2 7m3,接近缺水的下限 ,华北地区更少 ,仅 556m3。随着北中国社会经济的发展 ,缺水问题日益严重 ,不仅制约了社会经济的进一步发展 ,更造成了地下水资源破坏、黄河断流、土地荒漠化等一系列生态环境恶化问题。据估算 ,2 1世纪 50年代 ,北中国将缺水 2 0 0 0亿 m3,解决的根本途径是“南水北调”。今天考虑的“南水北调”,进到北方的水量仅 60 0亿 m3左右 ,只能是“解渴”工程 ,如要“重整河山 ,再造中国”,彻底解决北中国缺水和土地荒漠化问题 ,必须考虑和启动“大时空南水北调”,调除长江水外的西南诸水。这是一项“利在当代 ,功在千秋”的大业 ,更需要全民族不懈地努力和奋斗

Relationships Between the West Part of "Southern Water to North” Project and Chinese West Development

Water resources in china are either rich or poor. It means that total storage of water is 2.8×10 12 m 3,but every person owns only 2260m 3. Whereas in northern china every person owns 1127m 3,which is near the lower limit of water deficiency. With the cultural and economical development in northern china, the problem of water deficiency will become more serious than ever before. It will not only restrict the cultural and economical development, but also cause a series of ecological and environmental problems, such as damage of groundwater resources, Yellow River being dried up,desertification of lands, and so on. According to the rough estimate, water deficiency in northern China will be 2.0×10 12 m 3 in the middle of 21 century. In order to solve the problem, transporting water from south to north is a fundamental solution. But today's plan of “southern water to north” can not fit the need of water by northern China. So the “great time-space of southern water to north” should be considered and be initiated in order to thoroughly solve the problems of water deficiency and to control desertification in these areas.