1953—2010年熊岳日照时数变化特征及其影响因素

为了了解熊岳气候变化特征，更好地为农业生产服务，基于1953—2010年辽宁省熊岳镇日照时数、总云量、低云量、水汽压和降水量等资料，采用线性倾向估计和累积距平法，分析熊岳日照时数变化特征，并对影响日照时数的气候因子进行分析。结果表明：近58年熊岳年日照时数呈显著减少趋势，平均每10年减少53.5 h；20世纪60年代平均日照时数最多，为2899.0 h；90年代日照时数最小，为2598.9 h。熊岳四季日照时数均呈显著减少趋势，夏季减幅最大，其次是春季和秋季，冬季减幅最小；年日照时数在1971年附近发生突变，表现为日照时数的急剧减少，气候从多日照时段转变为少日照时段。熊岳年日照时数与总云量、低云量、水汽压和降水量均呈负相关关系，低云量、水汽压与日照时数的相关系数分别为-0.52、-0.50，均通过0.01水平显著性检验。

Variation Characteristics of Sunshine Duration and Its Influencing Factors in Xiongyue from 1953-2010

In order to understand the variation characteristics of climate in Xiongyue, and better services for agricultural production, based on the data of sunshine duration, total cloud amount, low cloud amount, surface vapour pressure and precipitation in Xiongyue Town in Liaoning Province from 1953 to 2010, the sunshine duration variation characteristics and the influencing factors were analyzed by using the linear trend estimation and the accumulative anomalies method. The results showed that: the sunshine duration in Xiongyue showed a significant decreasing tendency in recent 58 years with a decreasing rate of 53.5 h/10 a; the average sunshine duration of 1960s was 2899.0 h which was the most in decadal, while the least one was 2598.9 h which was found in 1990s. It was found that the seasonal sunshine duration showed a conspicuous decreasing trend in all the seasons and the trends decreased most in summer, less in spring and autumn, least in winter. The mutation occurred around 1971, with the annual sunshine duration decreased rapidly, the climate changed from the period of more sunshine to the period of less sunshine. There was a negative correlation between the sunshine duration in Xiongyue and the total cloud amount, low cloud amount (correlation coefficient was -0.52), the surface vapour pressure (correlation coefficient was -0.50) and the precipitation, but a positive correlation between the sunshine duration in Xiongyue and the wind speed (correlation coefficient was 0.37). All the given correlation coefficients passed 0.01 significant level test.