阳泉市雷暴气候统计特征

为了给雷电预测及防雷减灾提供科学依据，为深入了解阳泉市雷暴气候的统计特征，利用1971—2010年近40年阳泉市地面气象观测站的雷暴观测资料，借助数理统计、气候倾向率法、线性拟合、小波分析等方法，对阳泉市的雷暴气候特征进行统计分析。结果表明，阳泉市平均年雷暴日数为36.0天；雷暴日出现最多的年份出现在1973年（47天），最少的年份在2004年（25天）；阳泉市雷暴日数月变化呈单峰抛物线型，其峰值位于7月；阳泉市平均雷暴初日为4月18日，平均雷暴终日为9月28日；阳泉市平均雷暴持续期为154天；80%保证率的出现雷暴初终日为4月中旬和10月中旬。由此得出，阳泉市雷暴发生具有明显的季节性，夏季最多，冬季无雷暴；雷暴日数呈现减少趋势。

The Analysis of Thunderstorm Climate Characteristic in Linfen City

In order to prepare the thunder and lightning protection and disaster reduction to provide scientific basis, to understand the climatic characteristics of thunderstorm in Yangquan City. The author utilized the thunderstorm observation data from the ground meteorological observatory in Yangquan nearly 40 years from 1971 to 2010, statistically analyzed the thunderstorm climate characteristic of Yangquan City by mathematical statistics, linear fitting, climate trend rate method, and wavelet analysis and so on. The results showed that: annual average days of the thunderstorm was 36.0 days, the year appearing thunderstorm most happened in 1973, while the year appearing least happened in 2004, the thunderstorm months in Yangquan City presented a parabolic unimodal change, its peak value happened in July, the average day of beginning thunderstorm on April 18th, while average for ending thunderstorm on September 28th in Yangquan the average duration of thunderstorms lasted 154 days, 80% guarantee appeared first and last day of thunderstorm in the middle of April and the middle of October. It was there was an obvious seasonal thunderstorm, summer most, winter no thunderstorms, concluded that the number of thunderstorm had a decreasing trend.