黑线姬鼠胎仔数变动规律及对种群数量的影响

为探讨黑线姬鼠胎仔数的变动规律及在种群数量预测预报中的意义，为其种群数量预测预报提供参考依据。1987－2012年每月定期在稻田、旱地2种生境采用夹夜法调查，收集鼠类标本，解剖观察其繁殖状况。结果表明：黑线姬鼠胎仔数2~10只，平均胎仔数为5.29只，胎仔数分布为常态分布，以5、6只最多，分别占总孕鼠数的35.10%、33.92%，绝大多数胎仔数在4~7只之间，占总孕鼠数的94.59%；不同年度之间胎仔数差异不显著，不同月份、季节之间胎仔数差异极显著；胎仔数与种群数量密切相关，胎仔数的多少直接影响种群数量的变化，年平均胎仔数与当年平均捕获率，上年平均胎仔数与翌年6月数量峰种群数量之间具有极显著的正相关关系，可提前6个月对黑线姬鼠的发生量和发生程度作出预报，胎仔数可作为种群数量预测预报的参考指标之一。

Fluctuation Law of Litter Size and Its Influence on Population Quantity of Apodemus agrarius

In order to discuss the fluctuation law of Apodemus agrarius litter size and the significance for population prediction. We used night trapping method monthly in the paddy fields and dry land to collect specimens of rodents and survey their reproductive status from 1987 to 2012. The result showed that litter size of Apodemus agrarius was 2 to 10 and the average litter size was 5.29. The distribution of litter size was normal distribution with mean 5 or 6, accounting for 35.10% and 33.92% of the total number of pregnant rodents respectively. The majority of litter size was between 4 and 7, accounting for 94.59% of the total number of pregnant rodents. There was no significant difference in litter size between different years. There significant difference in litter size between different months and seasons. Litter size was closely related to population quantity. Litter size directly influences the fluctuation of population quantity. There was significant positive correlation between the average litter size and capture rate, between the average litter size in last year and population quantity in June. We could predicted the occurrence degree of Apodemus agrarius 6 months in advance. Litter size could be used as the reference for population prediction.