南美蟛蜞菊毛状根乙醇提取液对种子萌发的影响

摘 要：【研究目的】本文拟通过用不同浓度的蟛蜞菊毛状根的乙醇提取液浸泡三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)等种子研究其化感作用，为今后开展通过南美蟛蜞菊离体培养毛状根来生产高效低毒的“生物农药”及其应用奠定实验和技术基础。【方法】我们用0.5 g/mL、1.0 g/mL两种浓度蟛蜞菊毛状根的乙醇提取液，分别浸泡三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)等种子3h、12h和24 h后，进行种子萌发实验。以清水浸泡后的种子萌发情况作为对照相比。【结果】提取液的浓度越高或浸泡时间越长，种子的萌发率越低，而且发现在0.5 g/mL(鲜重)的低浓度提取液中浸泡12 h以上，鬼针草、马唐和狗尾草已经不能正常萌发，在1.0 g/mL(鲜重)的高浓度提取液中浸泡12 h以上对种子的抑制作用更明显，鬼针草、马唐、稗草、狗尾草、蒲公英种子均不能萌发。而且发现无论是用0.5 g/mL(鲜重)的低浓度提取液还是用1.0 g/mL(鲜重)的高浓度提取液进行浸泡，浸泡时间在24 h以上，抑制效果就更加明显。【结论】结论：蟛蜞菊毛状根具有较强的化感作用。

The Influence of Ethanol Extracts From Wedelia trilobata(L.)A.S.Hitche Hairy Roots on Seed Germination

Abstract: [Goal]The test used the ethanol extract from Wedelia trilobata (L.)A.S.Hitche hairy roots of different concentration to give the seeds of Bidens pilosa L. etc a soak to find out the allelopathic effect, in order to lay the experimental and technological foundation for the production and application of bio-chemicals maded by Wedelia trilobata hairy roots under in vitro culture method. [Method]We Used the ethanol extract from Wedelia trilobata hairy roots in different concentration, 0.5g/mL and 1.0g/mL to give the seeds of Bidens pilosa L. etc a soak for different time period, 3 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours, and take the seeds soaked in water as a contrast. [Result] The higher concentration is or the longer the seeds soaked into the concentration, the lower the seed germination is. Besides, the seeds of Bidens pilosa L.、Digitaria ischaemum and D.sanguinalis、Setaria viridis(L.)Beauv. cannot germinate properly when soaked into the extract of low concentration, 0.5g/mL(fresh weight), for over 12 hours. And the inhibition effect is more obvious when the concentration of the extracts is 1.0g/mL(fresh weight), the seeds of Bidens pilosa L.、Digitaria ischaemum and D.sanguinalis、Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv.、Setaria viridis(L.)Beauv. And Herba taraxaci cannot germinate after being soaked into the high concentration extracts. What’s more, the inhibition effect is more obvious when the soak time is over 24 hours, no matter the concentration is 0.5g/mL or 1.0g/mL. [Conclusion] Wedelia trilobata hairy roots have strong allelopathic effect.