大豆杂交种异地鉴定及选育方法初探

为了研究大豆杂交种杂种优势大小及其稳定性，进一步探讨杂交大豆选育方法，通过对2006—2010年异地鉴定试验初次测产及二次测产结果进行分析。结果表明，大豆杂交种同常规对照品种比较，具有较强的杂种优势，增产效果显著。大豆杂交种各产量性状间差异明显，这是由杂交种的遗传基础决定的，与杂交种的亲本的遗传基础及配合力有关。杂交种产量优势主要来自于三粒荚数、四粒荚数、单株荚数、单株粒数、单株产量、分枝数等产量性状，为杂交大豆新品种选育提供了依据。同时指出了大豆杂交种异地鉴定中存在的问题及解决方法。

The Study of Different Regions Identification and Breeding Method of Soybean Hybrid Strains

In order to study the effect of soybean hybrid heterosis and its stability, to further explore the hybrid soybean breeding method. Through analyzed the first and two yield testing results of 2006-2010 different regions identification, the results showed, hybrid soybean varieties had strong heterosis comparison with conventional varieties through 5 years different regions identification, the yield-increasing effect was obvious. Hybrid soybean yield traits with obvious differences, this was decided by hybrid genetic basis that related to hybrid genetic basis of parents and combining ability. The hybrid yield advantage mainly came from the yield characters of three seed pods number, four seed pods number, pod number per plant, seed number per plant, grain yield per plant, number of branches. This provided basis of new hybrid soybean variety breeding, and the same time, pointed out the hybrid soybean different identification of problems and solutions.