伊犁河谷不同森林模式下土壤的养分特征和粒径组成

目的]对伊犁河谷不同森林模式下土壤粒径组成和养分空间特征进行研究,为科学栽培和可持续经营提供理论依据。方法]通过野外采样与室内试验,分析伊犁河谷不同模式下土壤粒径分布特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系。结果]7个模式林地土壤基本集中在细粉粒和粗粉粒两个粒级。主要由细粉粒—粗粉粒—黏粒、细粉粒—粗粉粒—极细砂粒和粗粉粒—细粉粒—极细砂粒为主的质地组成,其中细粉粒—粗粉粒—黏粒土壤养分较佳,相比之下含有砂粒的土壤养分较低。土壤有机质和土壤碱解氮与黏粒和细粉粒含量的关系非常密切,尤其是细粉粒;速效磷与砂粒、黏粒和细粉粒呈正相关;速效钾与黏粒和细粉粒含量的关系密切,随着其含量增加而增加,跟砂粒呈显著负相关,砂粒含量高,速效钾含量降低。结论]伊犁河谷7个模式林分土壤养分状况各异,养分各项指标含量不同,可根据养分状况进行抚育管理。各模式土壤中粉粒含量占绝对优势。根据各养分含量与各粒径组成之间的相关性分析表明,土壤颗粒越细,与土壤养分的关系越密切。

Soil Nutrients Properties and Particle Size Composition Under Different Forest Pattern in Ili River Valley

Objective] Soil particle size composition and soil nutrients of the different forest patterns at arable layer in the Ili River valley were studied to provide scientific basis of cultivation and sustainable management of forest.Methods] This study analyzed the relationships between soil particle size distribution and soil physicochemical characteristics of different afforestation patterns in the Ili River valley based on fieldwork and laboratory experiments.Results] The sampled soils of 7 forest patterns were mainly composed of fine silt and coarse silt, and their soil textures were dominated by fine silt-coarse silt-clay, fine silt-coarse silt-very fine sand, and coarse silt-fine silt-very fine sand. Among them, soil nutrients of the fine silt-coarse silt-clay soil were better, and the soil nutrients of the soil with sand were low. Soil organic matter and available nitrogen were closely related to the contents of clay and fine silt, especially to fine silt. Available phosphorus had positive correlations with sand, clay and fine silt content. Available potassium was closely related to the content of clay and fine silt, and the content of available potassium increased with the increase of clay and fine silt content. Available potassium was negatively correlated with sand content; it decreased with the increase of sand content.Conclusion] The soil nutrient status and the nutrients contents of the 7 forest patterns were different. The soil should be managed according to their nutrient status. The content of silt in soils of different forest patterns had the greatest proportion. According to the correlation analysis between the nutrient content and the particle size, soil fine particle proportion is closely related to soil nutrients.