主成分分析在大豆抗旱性评价上的应用

以收获期10项指标的相对抗旱系数为基础,应用主成分分析方法对黑龙江省202份大豆基因型进行抗旱性评价研究.结果表明,这些参试材料在抗旱性上存在广泛的遗传变异,根据主成分分析得到的综合评价指标,可划分为5个不同抗旱等级.进一步的分析表明,干旱处理下株粒重、一粒荚率、三粒荚率以及它们的抗旱系数与大豆种质的抗旱性紧密相关,可作为大豆基因型抗旱性筛选的有效指标.其中,相对株粒重和相对三粒荚率随着抗旱性的提高而显著增加,相对一粒荚率则与之相反.同时,揭示出抗旱性强大豆基因型往往具有较低的产量潜力,而对干旱敏感的大豆基因型则表现出较高的产量潜力,表明大豆基因型抗旱性与产量之间并不存在对应关系,在大豆抗旱育种上应区别加以利用.

APPLICATION OF PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS ON EVALUATION THE DROUGHT-RESISTANCE OF SOYBEAN GENOTYPES

Drought resistance of 202 soybean materials was evaluated by using the method of principal component analysis according to relative drought resistance coefficient of 10 indexes at harvest stage. The results showed that there were broad genetic variations in drought resistance for soybean materials included and these materials were divided into 5 different grades of drought resistance based on the comprehensive evaluation index from principal component analysis. Further research indicated that plant grain weight, percentages of one-grain pod and three-grain pod under drought treatment and their relative coefficients of drought-resistance correlated tightly with drought resistance of soybean germplasm and might be used as effective assessment indexes for drought resistance of soybean. Among them, relative plant grain weight and relative percentage of three-grain pod increased with enhance ment of drought resistance, for relative percentage of one-grain pod in reverse. It was also indicated that soybean germplasm with good drought resistance performed comparatively badly in yield and soybean germplasm sensitive to drought treatment exerted well in yield, implying that there did not exist corresponding relationship between drought resistance and yield in soybean, and soybean germplasm with different drought resistance should be utilized discriminatively in breeding.