固原市退耕地甘肃鼢鼠发生特点调查分析

本研究从宁夏固原退耕还林区甘肃鼢鼠Myospalax cansus Lyon持续发生的实际出发,以甘肃鼢鼠发生特点为主要研究内容,采用标准地调查法,经分析表明固原市退耕地甘肃鼢鼠发生面积124 667 hm2,其中重度危害5 867 hm2;主要危害油松Pinus tabulaeformis Garr、华北落叶松Larix prin- cipis-rupprechtii Mayr、沙棘Hippophae rhamnoides L、山杏Prunus armeniaca Linn、山桃Prunus da- vidiana(Carr．)Franch等常规造林树种,且幼林受害严重;发生状况与退耕地坡向、坡度有密切的关系,其中黄土丘陵沟壑区退耕地是鼢鼠发生的重点区域。并对甘肃鼢鼠大规模人工捕打后自然种群的消长规律进行了分析,同时针对固原市的生态条件和林业生产实际,提出了适合宁夏农林业生产实际和鼢鼠生物学、生态学特性的治理方案。

A Survey and Analysis of the Characteristics of Occurrence of and Harming by Myospalax cansus Lyon in Reforestation Fields in Guyuan

Processed from the actual situation that continuous occurrence of Myospalax cansus Lyon in the reforestation fields in Guyuan, Ningxia, this study focuses on the characteristics of its occurrence and is conducted by the random standard-model-land. The survey reveals that the area of the occurrence of Myospalax cansus Lyon within the reforestation fields in Guyuan region is 124 667 hm2, of which 5 876 hm2 have been seriously harmed. The regular afforestation trees,such as Pinus tabulaeformis Garr, Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr, Hippophae rhamnoides L. , Prunus armeniaca L. , Prunus davidiana (Carr. ) Franch. , etc, particularly their seedlings are seriously harmed. There is a correlation between the injury and the slope direction and gradient of the reforestation fields. The most seriously harmed occurred in the hilly and gully regions on the loess plateau. A statistical analysis has been conducted on the growth and decline of natural species after the large-scale catch-and-kill action. Meanwhile, in view of the existing ecological and forestry situation of Guyuan, a plan is drawn up for the production of the farming and forestry in Ningxia and the biological and ecological characters of Myospalax cansus Lyon.