不同药剂处理对马铃薯种薯生理生化特性的影响

为筛选出窖藏条件下马铃薯种薯贮藏的理想防病药剂,以庄薯3号原种为供试材料,利用病毒克星、72%农用硫酸链霉素、50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂和75%百菌清可湿性粉剂对种薯进行喷药处理,研究不同药剂处理对贮藏期种薯生理生化特性及其发病率的影响。结果表明:(1)经150 d贮藏后,不同喷药处理间种薯发病率存在极显著差异(P<0.01);与对照相比,用病毒克星、农用硫酸链霉素、多菌灵和百菌清处理后种薯发病率分别降低了4.98个百分点、6.94个百分点、5.22个百分点、6.03个百分点。(2)不同药剂处理间种薯淀粉含量存在显著性差异(P<0.05);干物质含量无显著性差异;种薯含水量存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。(3)与对照相比,各处理均能抑制种薯的多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性、降低过氧化物酶(POD)活性、减少丙二醛(MDA)含量。(4)与对照相比,农用硫酸链霉素、多菌灵和百菌清可以提高种薯活力,其中采用72%农用硫酸链霉素处理的种薯活力最高,而病毒克星反而降低了种薯活力。表明较为理想的防病药剂为72%农用硫酸链霉素和百菌清。

Effects of different pesticides on physiological and biochemical characters of seed potatoes

The seed potato Zhuangshu No.3 was used to study the effects of different pesticides on physiological and biochemical characters and morbidity rates of the seed potatoes by spraying virus buster,72% streptomycin sulfate,50% carbendazim and 75% chlorothalonil,in order to select the optimal chemicals during cellaring.There were extremely significant differences(P<0.01) in the morbidity rates of seed potatoes among the different treatments after storage for five months.In the treatments of virus buster,streptomycin sulfate,carbendazim and chlorothalonil,the morbidity rates of seed potatoes were lower than that of control by 4.98 percentage point,6.94 percentage point,5.22 percentage point and 6.03 percentage point respectively.Among the four treatments,the difference of the starch content of seed potatoes was significant(P<0.05),the difference of the dry matter content was not significant,and the difference of the water content was extremely significant(P<0.01).Compared with the control,all four treatments could inhibit polyphenol oxidase(PPO) activity and peroxidase(POD) activity and decrease malondialdehyde(MDA) content.The vigor of seed potatoes was the highest in 72% streptomycin sulfate treatment,and was lowered by virus buster treatment.It was indicated that 72% streptomycin sulfate and 72% chlorothalonil were better for control of seed potato diseases.