不同年龄橡胶树各器官养分含量比较研究

本试验以开割巴西橡胶树无性系PR107为研究材料,在2a的不同月份研究了10个年龄段(2～28龄)橡胶树各器官中矿质养分N、P、K、Ca、Mg的含量情况,同时分析了树龄及季节对橡胶树各器官养分含量的影响。结果表明:(1)各养分元素在树体内含量高低顺序为:CaNKMgP;一年中的不同季节,橡胶树不同器官养分含量有所不同:树叶为冬季夏季秋季春季,胶乳为冬季秋季夏季,而树枝、树皮、树干、树根养分含量规律基本相同,为春季冬季秋季夏季。从树龄来看,各养分元素在不同月份(或季节)的差异较为明显,但其年度平均值的波动幅度则较小。(2)不同器官总养分含量高低顺序为:树叶树皮树枝树根胶乳树干。树叶和树皮(具有乳管)是橡胶树的同化器官和生物合成器,是橡胶树生理最活跃的器官,其养分含量通常是其它器官的2～4倍。

Compare on the Content of Mmineral Elements from Organs in Different Aging Hevea brasisiliensis

The content of mineral elements(N, P, K, Ca and Mg)in the different organs of rubber trees (Hevea brasisiliensis)of clone PR107 at different ages from 2 to 28, were determined in tow years, and the effect of aging and seasonal factors on them were analyzed. The main results showed that: 1)the content of mineral elements from different organs was: Ca>N>K>Mg>P. In the different seasons, there were differences in total content of element in organs: winter>summer>autumn>spring in leaf, winter>autumn>summer in latex, and spring>winter>autumn>summer in branch, bark, trunk and root, with similar regularities. The mineral elements had significant differences in different months or seasons, however, their average contents in whole year had less fluctuation. 2)the total mineral elements in different organs was: leaf>bark>branch>root>latex>trunk. The content from leaf and bark(with latex vessel)were higher two to four times than that of from other organs, because they were the photosynthetic organs and biological synthesis system, and the most active organs of Hevea brasisiliensis.