毛囊的周期性变化和分子调控及其在绒山羊上的研究进展

毛囊是一个形态和结构较为复杂的皮肤附属器官，它控制着毛发的生长，具有自我更新和周期性生长的特点。毛囊的周期性变化依靠毛囊上皮细胞和真皮间充质细胞的相互作用，先是毛囊长出毛干为生长期，接下来是凋亡驱动的退行期，然后进入休止期。其变化过程是一系列信号分子相互作用形成的，包括启动信号、维持毛囊生长的信号及抑制毛囊生长的信号等。绒山羊初级毛囊和次级毛囊在出生后也表现周期性变化，次级毛囊由于光周期的影响而呈很强的季节性的周期变化，而初级毛囊则变化不明显。山羊绒是绒山羊次级毛囊的衍生物，次级毛囊的生长发育直接影响山羊绒的产量和品质。因此，研究皮肤毛囊周期性变化的规律及它们的分子调控机理不仅可揭示毛囊的发育规律而且对绒山羊的育种具有重要指导意义。

The Cyclical Variation and Regulation of Hair Follicles and the Study on Cashmere Goat

Hair follicle that is the skin appendage with complicated formation and construction can control the hair growth,and have the characteristic with self-renewal and periodicity growth.The cyclical variation of hair follicle depends on the interaction between follicular epithelial cells with epidermis MES cell,and the anagen begins with hair shaft' growth from the hair follicle,and the catagen is drove by apoptosis,and hair follicle goes into the telogen.The process is affected by the interaction among a serie...