黑果枸杞温室穴盘育苗定植及嫩枝扦插技术研究

【目的】提高黑果枸杞苗木繁育及建园速度.【方法】采用温室内穴盘种子育苗后直接定植大田,及全光照喷雾嫩枝扦插的方法进行育苗试验,观测苗木的生长节律、成活率和生长状况.【结果】早春在温室内用穴盘种子育苗48d,苗木平均高度达11.3cm后,直接定植大田,9月份苗木停止生长后,平均株高为40.1cm,最大株高达81.0cm.嫩枝扦插育苗时,3个GGR-6处理中,200mg/L处理的成活率最高,为46.7%;100mg/L处理的生根数量最多,为9条;扦插时选择插穗基径较粗的枝条容易成活且生根数量较多.大田育苗的一年生黑果枸杞苗木平均高生长量25.9cm,地径平均粗度0.28cm,地上部分干质量为1.558g,其根/冠比为0.36.【结论】使用穴盘种子育苗,可达到早春育苗、适时定植、当年结果、一年建园的效果,可形成育苗的集约化管理;嫩枝扦插具有育苗周期短、苗木繁育量大等优势且繁殖季节较长,应在生产中大力推广.

Techniques for plug seedling planting and softwood cutting of Lycium ruthenicum in greenhouse

[Objective] To improve propagation rate and garden establishment of Lycium ruthenicum.[Method] Plug seedlings of Lycium ruthenicum by sowing were planted in the field and seedling test was carried out by softwood cutting propagation under full sunlight and spraying to investigate growth rhythm,survival rate and growth condition.[Result] In early spring,plug seedlings were cultivated in greenhouse for 48 days with mean height at 11.3 cm and planted in the field,the average height of plant could reach 40.1 cm with maximum 81.0 cm when stopped growing in September.In softwood cutting test,the survival rate of cuttings was the highest after being treated with 200 mg/L GGR-6 reaching 46.7 %.Number of rooting reached the maximum 9 in the treatment with 100 mg/L.Cuttings with big base diameters was easier to survive and rooting rate was higher.For field annual seedlings,the average height increment was 25.9 cm,mean base diameter was 0.28 cm,dry weight of the aboveground was 1.558 g and root-shoot ratio was 0.36.[Conclusion] Plug seedling by sowing could realize early spring seedling,timing planting,fruiting in the same year and establishing orchard in one year.Softwood cutting should be widely used in production due to its advantage of shortening seedling cycle,enlarging seedling production and prolonging propagation period.