海南农垦橡胶园生态系统养分的物质流分析

采用物质流分析方法,研究了2004年海南农垦橡胶产业生态系统养分的物质输入和输出等相关指标。结果表明,全年土壤养分的总耗竭量达1．30万t,并根据1952～2004年的历史数据进行计算,结果显示胶园土壤养分呈现逐渐耗竭的趋势。2004年橡胶产业养分的物质消耗强度为496．98 kg/人,说明橡胶产业属于资源密集型产业;橡胶产业体现出较强的经济效益,其养分的物质生产力达到69．42元/kg。从直观上看,加大人工施肥量是保持胶园土壤养分的有效手段;从生产管理或成果推广上看,改变当前片面追求资源开发利用技术,不注重生态保护型技术的现状,纠正科技进步的不对称性是橡胶产业健康、可持续发展的关键。

Material Flows Analysis of Nutrients in Rubber Plantation Ecosystem in Hainan State Farms

Material Flows Analysis method was used to analyze material input and output of nutrients in the rubber plantation ecosystem in Hainan state farms in 2004.The result indicates that total material consumption amounted to 13000 tons throughout the year in the soil.According to the historical data from 1952 to 2004,the authors found that rubber plantation soil nutrients presented a tendency towards gradual exhaustion.In 2004,the material consumption of rubber plantation nutrient was 496.98 kg/person, suggesting that rubber plantations belong to a resource intensive industry.At present,natural rubber industry shows a very strong economic efficiency,with the material productivity of nutrients being upto RMB 69.42 yuan/kg.The result indicated that increased application of fertilizer is an effective way to maintain the rubber plantation soil nutrients.The result also indicated that extension of ecologically based rubber exploitation techniques inclusive of fertilizer application based on soil nutrient requirement, nutrient diagnosis,etc.is the key for the healthy and sustainable development of natural rubber industry.