基于GIS的内蒙古东部地区玉米低温冷害精细化风险区划

通过分析内蒙古东部地区的热量条件、热量条件变异性及低温冷害发生频率,得出低温冷害综合风险指数,运用逐步回归建立其与地理信息的空间推算模型,基于GIS和1∶5万地理信息数据,对玉米低温冷害风险进行空间展布并分区,得出内蒙古东部地区玉米低温冷害精细化风险区划图。结果表明,低温冷害高风险区位于纬度和海拔较高的呼伦贝尔市北部和西部地区;通辽市中南部、赤峰市东南部和兴安盟南部等海拔较低、地势相对平坦的地区低温冷害风险最低;低温冷害风险程度基本呈西北-东南向带状分布,受海拔高度及地形、地势等因素的影响,低温冷害风险分布又具有错落的局地性特点。研究结果有利于规避玉米低温冷害风险,发掘可利用气候资源,优化种植结构和布局,保障区域粮食安全。

The Refined Risk Division of Maize Chilling Damage in Eastern Inner Mongolia Based on GIS

The comprehensive risk index of maize chilling damage in eastern Inner Mongolia was established through the analysis of the frequency of chilling damages and the variation of heat condition. The refined risk division map of maize chilling damage was obtained by using of space prediction model based on GIS and 1 ： 50000 geography information. The results showed that the highest risk areas was in the northern and western Hulunbeier, where located in high altitude and latitude, the lowest risk areas was in the middle and southern Tongliao, southeastern Chifeng and southern Xingan league, where located in low altitude and flat terrain. The risk degree of chilling damage distributed from northwest to southeast in eastern Inner Mongolia. However, the risk distribution of chilling damage as influenced by the factors of altitude, avoid to maize chilling damage risk, and planting structure and distribution. latitude, terrain and topography. The research result was it was also beneficial to utilize potential climate resources, was scattered beneficial to and optimize