品种和营养水平对猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉质的影响

本试验旨在研究品种和营养水平对猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉质的影响。选择12对初始体重为(61.16±4.13)kg的高坡猪和"杜×长×太"三元杂交猪(DLT),随机分成4个处理,饲喂不同营养水平[NRC(2012)、中国猪饲养标准(2004)]的全价饲粮,试验猪平均体重达90 kg时屠宰。结果表明:DLT的眼肌面积显著高于高坡猪(P0.05),而肌内脂肪含量、平均背膘厚、肉色的亮度(L*)24 h和黄度(b*)24 h显著低于高坡猪(P0.05);饲喂高营养水平的饲粮可以显著降低猪的料重比(P0.05);饲粮营养水平升高显著提高了高坡猪的平均日增重、平均日采食量、胴体长和肉色的红度(a*)24 h(P0.05),显著降低了肉色的L*24 h、滴水损失以及背最长肌固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1c和激素敏感性脂肪酶mRNA的相对表达量(P0.05);饲粮营养水平升高显著降低了DLT肉色的a*45 m in和a*24 h(P0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,品种和营养水平对猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉质有显著影响;DLT胴体性状优于高坡猪,肉质反之。饲粮营养水平升高显著提高了DLT胴体性状和高坡猪的肉质,对生长性能有一定的改善。

Effects of Breed and Nutrient Level on Growth Performance,Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Pigs

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of breed and nutrient level on growth per-formance, carcass traits and meat quality of pigs.Twelve pairs of Gaopo pigs and “Duroc ×Landrace ×Taihu”crossbred pigs (DLT) with an initial body weight of (61.16±4.13) kg were randomly assigned to receive Na-tional Research Council ( 2012) diet or Chinese Feeding Standard of Swine ( 2004) diet and slaughtered at an average weight of 90 kg.The results showed as follows:the loin-eye area of DLT was significantly higher than that of Gaopo pigs ( P<0.05) , while the intramuscular fat content, average back fat thickness and meat color L*24 h and b*24 h of DLT were significantly lower than that of Gaopo pigs ( P<0.05) .The feed to gain of pigs was significantly decreased when fed with high nutrient level diet ( P<0.05) .Intake of high nutrient level diet not only increased average daily gain, average daily feed intake, carcass length and meat color a*24 h( P<0.05) , but also decreased meat color L*24 h , drip loss and the relative mRNA expression of sterol-regulatory element binding protein-1c and hormone-sensitive triglayceride lipase of Gaopo pigs ( P<0.05) .Intake of high nutrient level di-et significantly decreased meat color a*45 min and a*24 h of DLT ( P<0.05) .The results indicate that growth per-formance, carcass traits and meat quality of pigs are influenced by breed and nutrient level; carcass traits of DLT is better than Gaopo pigs, while meat quality of DLT is poorer than Gaopo pigs.Intake of high nutrient level diet can improve carcass traits of DLT, meat quality of Gaopo pigs and the growth performances of pigs.