肥胖影响呼吸系统抗感染的机制

肥胖是由多因素引起的一种慢性代谢性疾病,也是一种系统性的低度炎症,同时影响着机体的能量代谢和免疫状态。大量研究报道,肥胖在一定程度上影响了呼吸系统的功能,增加了呼吸道感染的风险,同时调节了机体清除病原体的能力,使机体预后出现两极化。目前这种机制尚不清楚,明确的是脂肪组织的大量堆积,使炎性细胞浸润增加,炎性介质和脂肪因子的表达水平提高,这可能是肥胖改变肺脏对病原微生物敏感性的主要原因。本文就肥胖影响呼吸道抗感染的可能机制作一简要阐述,为深入探究肥胖与呼吸道感染之间的关系奠定一定的基础。

Mechanisms of Impact of Obesity on Respiratory Infection

Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease caused by many factors, and it is also a kind of systemic low grade inflammation, which affects both the energy metabolism and immune state in the body.A large numbers of studies have reported that obesity has a certain effect on the function of respiratory system, which not only improves the severity of respiratory diseases, increases the risk of respiratory tract infections, also destroys the capacity to clear the pathogens.Even though, there are some voices said that obesity is associated with lower odds and hospital mortality, but the specific mechanism is still unknown.It is clear that the increased inflamma-tory cells infiltration and the elevated inflammatory mediators and adipocytokines caused by the substantial ac-cumulation of adipose tissue in obese individuals may be the main factors contributing to the alters of lung sus-ceptibility to pathogenic microorganisms.This review summarizes the mechanisms of obesity may affect respira-tory resistance to infections, to lay a certain foundation for further exploring the relationship between obesity and lung infection.