棕榈油替代大豆油对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能、肌肉营养组成和血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究棕榈油替代大豆油对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能、肌肉营养组成和血清生化指标的影响。选用平均体重为8.80 g的吉富罗非鱼幼鱼600尾,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复40尾。5组试验鱼分别投喂以棕榈油替代基础饲料中0(对照)、25%、50%、75%、100%大豆油的5种等氮(31.60%)等脂(9.30%)饲料,分别记为G0、G25、G50、G75、G100。试验期为56 d。结果表明:1)棕榈油替代不同比例的大豆油对罗非鱼幼鱼的终末体重、增重率、特定生长率、饲料系数和存活率均无显著影响(P0.05)。2)与G0组相比,各棕榈油组(G25、G50、G75、G100组)罗非鱼幼鱼的肥满度、脏体比、肝体比以及肌肉水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分含量无显著变化(P0.05);G50组肌肉粗脂肪含量显著高于G100组(P0.05)。3)棕榈油替代不同比例的大豆油对罗非鱼幼鱼血清胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和总蛋白含量的影响不显著(P0.05)。与G0组相比,G50、G100组血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量,G25、G50组血清谷丙转氨酶活性及G50、G75组血清谷草转氨酶活性显著降低(P0.05)。由此得出,以生长性能为评价指标,吉富罗非鱼幼鱼饲料中的大豆油可全部被棕榈油替代;棕榈油替代大豆油比例超过50%时,显著影响吉富罗非鱼幼鱼肌肉粗脂肪含量、部分血清生化指标。

Effects of Soybean Oil Replacement by Palm Oil on Growth Performance,Muscle Nutritional Composition and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Juvenile Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of soybean oil replacement by palm oil on growth performance, muscle nutritional composition and serum biochemical indexes of juvenile genetically im-proved farmed tilapia (GIFT) (Oreochromis nilotics).A total of 600 juvenile GIFT with an average body weight of 8.80 g were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 40 fish per replicate, and fed with their respective diet from the five isonitrogenous (31.60%) and isolipids (9.30%) diets, in which 0 (G0, as control), 25%(G25), 50%(G50), 75%(G75) and 100%(G100) soybean oil were replaced with palm oil in a basal diet.The experiment lasted for 56 days.The results showed as follows:1 ) there was no significant difference in final body weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate, feed conversion rate and survival rate among all groups (P>0.05).2) Compared with the group G0, there were no significant differ-ences in condition factor, viscerosomtic index, hepatosmatic index and the contents of moisture, crude protein, ether extract and ash in muscle among the palm oil groups ( groups G25, G50, G75 and G100) ( P>0.05) , but the muscle ether extract content in group G50 was significantly higher than that in group G100 ( P<0.05) . 3) No significant differences were found among all groups in serum cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipo-protein cholesterol and total protein contents with increasing palm oil replacement proportion in diets ( P>0.05) .Serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol content in groups G50 and G100, glutamic-pyruvic transami-nase activity in groups G25 to G50 and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase activity in groups G50 to G75 were significantly decreased compared with the group G0 ( P<0.05) .The results indicate that soybean oil can be re-placed by palm oil completely in juvenile GIFT diets with the growth performance as the evaluation index. However, significantly differences are observed in muscle ether extract content and some serum biochemical in-dexes when replacement proportion is above 50%.