腐植酸浸种对玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

【目的】 研究低温(18℃)下不同品种和不同浓度的腐植酸对玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,筛选出低温下适宜玉米生长的腐植酸及浓度。【方法】 以新玉64号(Zea mays L.)品种为材料,研究不同浓度(50、200、500、1 500、3 000、5 000 μg/mL)下腐植酸钾(HA₁)、硝基腐植酸(HA₂)、黄腐酸钾(HA₃)浸种处理对种子萌发情况,幼苗相关生理指标变化的影响。【结果】 50 ~ 1 500 μg/mL腐植酸浸种在不同程度上有利于玉米种子萌发,有效的提高种子发芽势、发芽率,提高幼苗脯氨酸含量及根系活力,增强种子淀粉酶活性。综合各项指标,HA₁、HA₂和HA₃处理最佳的浸种浓度分别为200、500、50 μg/mL,其中又以HA₃处理表现最优。【结论】 在早春低温时使用50 μg/mL HA₃溶液处理种子的方法较优,可促进种子萌发,调节相关酶活性,提高植物的抗逆性。

Effects of Seed Soaked with Humic Acid on Maize Seed Germination and Seedling Growth

【Objective】 To study the effects of different varieties and different concentrations of humic acid on maize seed germination and seedling growth under low temperature (18℃), and screen out the humic acid type and concentration suitable for corn growth at low temperature. 【Method】 Xinyu 64 (Zea mays L.) was used as a test material to study the effects of seeds soaked with three type of humic acid solutions (HA₁: potassium humate, HA₂: nitrohumic acid, HA₃: potassium fulvic acid) at different concentrations (50, 200, 500, 1,500, 3,000, 5,000 μg/mL) in seedling-related physiological indicators. 【Results】 The results showed that humic acid soaking in the concentration range of 50-1,500 μg/mL was beneficial to the germination of corn seeds to different degrees, effectively improved seed germination potential, germination rate, increased seedling proline content and root vigor, and enhanced seeds amylase activity. Taken together, the optimum seed soaking concentrations for HA₁, HA₂, and HA₃ treatments were 200, 500, and 50 μg/mL, and HA₃ was the best. 【Conclusion】 The method of treating seeds with 50 μg/mL HA₃ solution at low temperature in early spring can best promote seed germination, regulate related enzyme activities, and improve plant stress resistance.