缓解城市热岛效应的南京市绿色基础设施网络构建方法

  目的  绿色基础设施网络作为覆盖城市的生态网络，对于热岛效应有着重要的调节和改善作用。探究绿色基础设施构建方法并进行合理规划布局是改善城市热环境问题的有效措施。  方法  以江苏省南京市主城区为研究对象，基于形态学空间格局分析，选取连通性高、降温效应显著的“源”斑块，将反映景观格局的景观格局指数和反映地表覆盖特征的地表降温率进行叠加并构建阻力面，进而采用最小成本路径方法生成廊道。  结果  ①识别出降温率高的507个核心区斑块，结合景观连通性分析选择了25个斑块作为“源”斑块；②基于最小成本路径方法识别出20条廊道，与“源”斑块共同构建出以缓解热岛效应为导向的城市绿色基础设施网络；③结合南京市绿地系统规划进行网络优化，提出“三环、六带、多线”的总体空间结构。  结论  多种方法的综合运用使缓解热岛效应导向的绿色基础设施网络构建更加合理，同时为建构绿色基础设施网络，改善人居环境提供了新的研究思路与方法。图5表6参27

Green infrastructure network construction method for mitigating urban heat island effect in Nanjing

  Objective  As an ecological network covering the city, green infrastructure (GI) network plays an important role in mitigating the heat island effect. The purpose of this study is to explore the construction method and reasonable planning and layout of GI, as well as effective measures to improve the urban thermal environment.   Method  The main urban area of Nanjing City in Jiangsu Province was taken as the research object. Based on the morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA), the “source” patches with high connectivity and significant cooling effect were selected. The landscape pattern index reflecting the landscape pattern and the surface cooling rate reflecting the surface coverage characteristics were superposed to construct the resistance surface. Then, the minimum cost path method was used to generate corridors.   Result  (1) 507 core patches with high cooling rate were identified, and 25 patches were selected as “source” patches based on landscape connectivity analysis. (2) 20 corridors were identified by the minimum cost path method. Together with the “source” patches, the urban GI network was constructed to mitigate the heat island effect. (3) The network was optimized based on Green Space System Planning of Nanjing, and the overall spatial structure of “three rings, six belts and multiple lines” was proposed.  Conclusion  The comprehensive application of various methods makes it more reasonable to construct a GI network to mitigate the heat island effect, and provides a new research approach for building a GI network and improving urban living environment. Ch, 5 fig. 6 tab. 27 ref.]